Present school educational process can be characterized by the dominance of old approaches and stereotyped classical forms of learning. Physical culture is seen as a subject that forms physical and mental qualities and skills, stimulates the development of such an attitude towards health that contributes to active life and the development of social competence. Therefore, there is a need to change the teachers' views on their own social mission, and to update the methodology of physical culture in the primary school. It requires modernization of the content and forms of teachers' training in the context of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of social and educational experimental training "New Physical Culture for the New Ukrainian School" in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education. The research was conducted on the basis of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education (June-November 2018). Questionnaires at the beginning and after training, introspection and analysis of lessons three months after the training, experimental methodology for determining the efficiency coefficient of the lesson have been used. Vectors of pedagogical attention are singled out, important for the teacher socially-oriented tasks of the lesson are described. The results of the study point to positive social and educational effects of the experimental training. The training has been implemented in the postgraduate educational process.
In the modern information society, information and communication technologies are rapidly developing and are used in various spheres of human activity. Well-known experts believe that scientific, industrial, business and educational technologies, as well as arts and sports technologies, are based on information systems. Therefore, issues related to the use of modern information and communication technologies in physical culture and sports and further research of this problem are very relevant. The purpose of the study is to systematize the main directions of using modern information technologies in the field of physical culture and sports. It was established that the concept of «information system» can have a broad and narrow interpretation. In a broad sense, it covers the technical, software and organizational support and personnel created to provide users with the information they need. In a narrow sense, an information system is a collection of information contained in databases and providing its processing by information technologies and technical means. The analysis of literary sources showed that the use of information technologies is of great importance for improving the training process and achieving better results in sports. Scientists from different countries are actively developing programs and technologies for collecting and analyzing training data, using various tools for recording and analyzing biomechanical parameters and data visualization. Systems for testing the physical condition and working capacity of athletes are also being developed. The use of such technologies can contribute to the development of domestic information technology systems for sports and recreation. It has been established that in the field of physical culture and sports it is possible to use information systems in the following areas: managerial, organizational and research activities; maintenance of sports competitions; sports training and training of athletes; informational and methodological support and management of the educational process in educational institutions and sports organizations; health physical culture; monitoring of physical condition, health and environment; psychodiagnostics in sports.
Today, considerable attention is paid to the higher education quality issues. The problem is solved by using tests that should provide a reliable student evaluation. The article presents the technology for improving test tasks. It includes functional procedures that specify the test and test task improvement sequence. It is found that it is better to use specialized computer applications for their implementation, that is why this technology involves the use of the author program “Statistical Analysis of Test Results”. This program calculates the indicators – the item difficulty, discrimination, reliability and validity – according to empirical student testing data. The indicators help identify unsatisfactory quality test tasks and improve the student assessment means, as the program derives the recommendations. The steps set out by the testing result processing technology with the help of a statistical package increase the improvement process efficiency. The correlation and factor analyses help identify the tasks that put the highest load into the test score. These procedures influence on making a decision on the test task review need. The technology involves repeated checking procedures. The presented technology has been tested at Zaporizhzhya National University and Zaporizhzhya Regional Institute of Postgraduate Teacher Education. ANOVA has helped prove its effectiveness.
Зміст статті полягає в дослідженні підходів щодо визначення поняття «здоров'я». Розглянуто науковотеоретичні підходи до означеної проблеми в різних аспектах багатьма видатними вітчизняними та зарубіжними вченими. Науковцями виділяються шість основних типів сутнісних елементів визначення здоров'я: здоров'я як норма функціонування організму на всіх рівнях його організації; здоров'я як динамічна рівновага (гармонія) життєвих функцій організму; здоров'я як повноцінне виконання основних соціальних функцій, участь у житті суспільства й активна трудова діяльність; здатність організму адаптуватися до умов навколишнього середовища, що змінюється; відсутність патологічних змін і нормальне самопочуття; повне фізичне, духовне, розумове й соціальне благополуччя. Зазначається, що аналіз підходів до визначення поняття «здоров'я» дасть змогу майбутнім фахівцям з фізичного виховання і спорту усвідомити значущість здобуття знань, умінь та навичок щодо формування здорового способу життя. Ключові слова: здоров'я, професійна підготовка, здоров'язбереження, фізична культура і спорт.
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