his study assessed water sources (treated water, pond water and harvested rain water) and effluents discharge from a bottling company, Aba, Abia State. A single factor experiment in randomized complete block designs with three replications was used to assess the physicochemical properties of water at various sources. The result shows that pond water and rain water gave significantly the highest and least N and P contents respectively (N: 33.60-5.60 mg/L; P: 12.40-10.30 mg/L). The K contents of the various water point sources were significantly higher as follows: Pond water > Effluent water > Rain water > Treated water (6.50 > 0.30 > 0.20 > 0.20). Pond water was statistically highest in Mg contents when compared to other sources. The Fe contents were significantly higher as follows: Effluent water > Rain water > Treated water > Pond water, while Fe content in pond water wasn’t significantly higher when compared to its content in Rain water. Pond water and treated water were significantly the highest and least (P<0.05) in organic matter (OM) and Organic Carbon (OC) contents respectively. No significant differences existed between color intensity and turbidity values of the various water point sources. Effluent water from the industry and pond water were significantly the least in DO values respectively. Rain water and pond water were significantly the least in BOD concentrations. Effluent water was significantly the highest in TSS values, while the least TSS values were significantly recorded for Treated water and Rain water.
This study assessed the concentrations of heavy metals in soil and surface water from a Lead-Zinc mined pit at Enyigba, Ikwo Local Government Area in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected and analysed from different soil depths (0 – 15 cm) and (15 – 30 cm) at a tailing down (marked as TD) and refuse dumpsite (marked as RD) and a vegetation site 50 km away which was used as the control site. Surface water samples were collected from the Enyigba River from three (3) points (marked as point A, B, and C) and were analysed using routine laboratory procedures. The following parameters were analysed for soil: particle size distribution, pH, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter content, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, exchangeable acidity, and effective cation exchange capacity. The results for mean values of soil samples obtained at both depths were 58.86% (sand), 11.73% (silt) and 34.04% (clay). Mean values obtained for heavy metals from the soil for Iron (Fe) ranged from 3.31 to 2.24 mg/kg: Zinc (Zn) 0.70 to 0.62 mg/kg and Lead (Pb) 0.01 to 0.01 mg/kg). Results obtained for surface water around the mined pit showed mean values for Iron (Fe) 0.57 mg/L, Magnesium (Mg) 151.6 mg/L, Calcium (Ca) 76.62 mg/L, Chlorine (Cl2) 416.6 mg/L and Lead (Pb) 0.01 mg/L. The high concentrations of chlorine make the water unsuitable to be discharged on any agricultural land as plants could accumulate these metals and when consumed could pose serious threat to humans. The discharge from the mining site increased the already slightly high turbidity of the water to a much higher and undesirable level. The mining activity at Enyigba Ikwo LGA, Ebonyi State has negatively impacted the environment through the introduction of heavy metals in soil and surface water, thereby causing an increase in the pollution of the environment. It is recommended that further studies and monitoring should be carried out in the study location for possible remediation.
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