Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) is a minor cereal that is grown to a large extent in the southern states of India. The crop is remarkably drought resistant and is grown primarily rainfed, though in small areas under irrigation. This is the coarsest among the food grains. The grain is easily preserved and proved as a good famine reserve and a poor man's food. Kodo millet crop is more susceptible to iron deficiency in the early stage of growth, and the plant becomes stunted in early seedling stages. If deficiency is prolonged, plants will die. Iron deficiency in kodo millet causes chlorosis, decreased vegetative growth, and marked yield losses. Therefore, Fe fertilizers, either applied to the soil or delivered to the foliage, are used to control Fe deficiency in the field. To improve the current Fe chlorosis condition, practical correction methods to be taken into account are state-of-the-art all related scientific knowledge, integrating physiological, biochemical, and agronomical data. In all cases, Fe fertilization leads to episodes of high Fe concentration in the rhizosphere, roots, or in the plant shoot tissues.
An experiment was conducted in Department of Agriculture, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences,Coimbatore to study the population dynamics of microbially enriched organic manures and their nutrientcomposition. Organic manures such as vermicompost, FYM, and coir pith compost were enriched with thelignite based microbial strains of Rhizobium leguminosorum, Bacillus megatherium and its combined inoculumat a rate of 1 kg per ton of manure and its moisture content was maintained at 50 per cent and incubated for180 days. After their enrichment, the microbial load in the organic manures was enumerated using thestandard plate count technique. The microbial results revealed that the maximum microbial populationwas attained on the 90th day after enrichment. The total microbial population in combined bio fertilizers(Rhizobium and Phosphobacteria) inoculated vermicompost was high during the initial phases and thentotal microbial population declined towards the end. Among the enriched organic manures, the highestpopulation was observed in combined microbial strains enriched with vermicompost (6.52 log10 CFU g-1)whereas, after 3 months the enriched organic manure shows the very less population density.
The present study aimed to optimize a suitable nutrient management practice with the co-application of organic amendments and leguminous intercropping for sustainable maize production. The experiment was conducted during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2022-’23 in randomized block design following ten treatments. Maize (hybrid COH (M) 6) seeds were sown in rows at a spacing of 60ⅹ25 cm following the treatments: T1 - Absolute control, T2 – Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF) alone, T3 - RDF + Poultry Manure (4t ha-1), T4 - RDF + FYM (12.5 t ha-1), T5 - RDF + Poultry Manure (4 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping, T6 - RDF + FYM (12.5 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping, T7 - 75 % RDF + Poultry Manure (4 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping, T8 - 75% RDF + FYM (12.5 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping, T9 - 50% RDF + Poultry Manure (4 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping, T10 - 50% RDF + FYM (12.5 t ha-1) + Black gram intercropping. Observations for plant height, dry matter production (DMP), and Relative Chlorophyll Content (RCC) were recorded at different phenological stages on 30, 45, and 60 DAS. The results showed that the treatment T5 amended with poultry manure recorded the highest growth attributes and yield during the two consecutive seasons, followed by T6, T7, and T8, whereas the lowest was in T1. While comparing growth and yield attributes in in the second season (Rabi 2022-’23), the treatments T7 and T8 with 75 % RDF + FYM/poultry manure remarked substantial yield increase. The results suggest that co-application of organic manures like poultry manure or FYM with reduced dosages of mineral fertilizer, could be recommended as an optimal nutrient management strategy for sustainable maize production.
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