The aim of this study is to examine the Darcy–Forchheimer flow = of H2O-based Al−Al2O3/Cu−Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid past a heated stretchable plate including heat consumption/ generation and non-linear radiation impacts. The governing flow equations are formulated using the Naiver–Stokes equation. These flow equations are re-framed by using the befitted transformations. The MATLAB bvp4c scheme is utilized to compute the converted flow equations numerically. The graphs, tables, and charts display the vicissitudes in the hybrid nanofluid velocity, hybrid nanofluid temperature, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number via relevant flow factors. It can be seen that the hybrid nanofluid velocity decreased as the magnetic field parameter was increased. The hybrid nanofluid temperature tended to rise as the heat absorption/generation, nanoparticle volume friction, and nonlinear radiation parameters were increased. The surface drag force decreased when the quantity of the magnetic parameter increased. The larger size of the radiation parameter led to enrichment of the heat transmission gradient.
The behavior of the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of a double-hybrid nanofluid toward a Riga plate with radiation and heat source/sink effects is investigated. The two different hybrid nanofluids, (Al2O3 and Ag) and (Al2O3 and TiO2) with a base fluid (H2O), are considered. The governing flow models with accompanying boundary constraints are reshaped into non-linear ODEs by applying the symmetry variables. The reshaped ODEs are numerically computed using Bvp4c in Matlab and the ND solver in Mathematica. The impact of the emerging parameters on the heat transfer, surface shear stress, temperature and velocity profile is scrutinized and expressed in a tabular and graphical structure. It is noticed that the upsurge of the Hartmann number leads to an improvement in the velocity profile. The velocity declines when enriching the porosity parameter. The radiation and Biot number lead to strengthening the temperature profile. The surface shear stress exalts due to a larger modified Hartman number. The radiation and unsteady parameters are downturns in the heat transfer gradient.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.