PurposeThe paradigm of school-to-work transition is changing, with an increasing number of students combining work and study. Furthermore, there exists some mixed evidence for the impact of student employment on future earnings and employment likelihood. The purpose of the present paper is to examine additional evidence that would shed light on the pros and cons of student work as a function of its type (i.e. whether or not it matches the student's field of study). We also discuss practical implications for specialists who facilitate the transition of graduates to the job market.Design/methodology/approachThis is a quantitative study based on the National Statistical Survey of Graduate Employment (SGE) conducted by the Russian Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) in 2016. Statistical methods of data analysis were used (logistic regression, Mincer equations). The analysis is based on two dependent variables as follows: data on graduates' employment and their monthly earnings.FindingsWe show that student work is a predictor of higher employment chances for both university and vocational college graduates. Moreover, the highest employment chances are associated with student work that is well-matched to the field of study. As for earnings, the greatest returns are again associated with work related to education. Jobs unrelated to education significantly correlate with earnings only for university graduates.Research limitations/implicationsAn important limitation of the present research is that it estimates the effects of student employment over a rather short-term period by using data on employment just after graduation and only starting salaries. These findings evoke the need for further study of graduate competencies and the process of their acquisition.Practical implicationsOur findings suggest some directions for education development. The results can be used to analyze governmental and other stakeholders' initiatives in the field of vocational and higher education.Social implicationsThe research results can be used by a wide range of stakeholders interested in the employment of graduates as a source of data for designing measures for improving graduates' employability.Originality/valueOur study obtained data on the impact of student work on later employment. Tertiary graduates get returns from all work experience, while VET graduates earn more only if their student employment was consistent with their field of study.
The paper analyzes the results of the systems project Training Workers to Comply with the Requirements of High-Tech Industries Using Dual Education, organized by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives in 13 subjects of the Russian Federation. Dual education implies "dual" institutional consolidation of knowledge obtained in vocational education programs: theory is normally learned at a vocational school, while an apprenticeship is taken within a company, in a real-life working environment. It is shown that the best practices of dual education can be found in the growing sectors. The most successful implementation of the dual model is observed in the regions of Russia that have seen their investment climates improved, their barriers for businesses reduced, and the quality of their public administration increased. Effectiveness of the dual model is largely contingent on the economic motivations of employers investing in a staff training system within the framework of large-scale investment and technology upgrade projects. As employers' associations are weak, the decisive role in the coordination of efforts between businesses and professional educational institutions is played by regional authorities and governor's councils, which have virtually grown into substitutes for German chambers of industry and commerce. Nationwide vocational education projects have promoted further development of the dual model due to organizational and financial support from study and career clusters. The best dual education practices should only be spread to regional industries that have the necessary economic and infrastructure premises for companies to invest in such a staff training system.
There is a growing need for valid tools for assessing skills and certifying qualifications in the context of increasing labour migration and mobility. Due to the growing internationalization of business activities, companies are interested in standardized skills assessments that ensure valid and comparable ratings of job applicants and employees. At the same time, assessment of professional or vocational skills, which are highly domain-specific and numerous, remains challenging, especially in terms of comparability. Therefore, objective skills assessment tops the list of challenges faced by national VET systems. This paper presents an overview of practices and tools for assessing vocational skills and VET learning outcomes, and covers the following issues: a) current practices and challenges in measuring vocational skills and learning outcomes in VET; b) initiatives for internationally comparable assessment of vocational skills, including PISA-VET and WorldSkills competitions; c) national initiatives for assessment of VET learning outcomes in the cases of Germany and Russia; d) labor market- and industry-driven initiatives in skills assessment for job seekers and qualification assurance. This paper contributes to the literature on skills assessment by providing a more comprehensive picture of approaches to skills assessments, including well-established ones and emerging initiatives outside the field of measuring learning outcomes in education.
Introduction. The article investigates the contradictory problem of creating a cognitive educational environment within the context of preventing schoolchildren from using modern information technologies in the classroom in Russian schools. The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationships between the use of ICT resources by schoolchildren and their academic achievements. Materials and Methods. The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Based on Russian data from the international comparative study PISA 2015 (n = 6036) and 2018 (n = 7608) factorial and regression analysis was carried out. Qualitative analysis was conducted on the basis of data collected via interviews with teachers in focus groups (n = 91) at 10 schools in Moscow (the Russian Federation). Results. The data obtained from the interviews with teachers in Moscow schools reveal their negative attitude to the use of electronic devices by school students. The teachers believe that it deteriorates students’ cognitive and metacognitive skills. The factor analysis of the students’ survey data made it possible to distinguish two groups of variables: (1) the use of ICT resources for educational purposes; (2) the game format of their use. Regression analysis showed that the game format of using ICT resources does not worsen the academic performance. Moreover, frequent usage of ICT recourses for educational purposes significantly correlates with high academic achievements. Conclusions. It is concluded that the use of ICT resources as a game tool does not lead to a deterioration in academic performance. At the same time, the frequent use of electronic resources for educational purposes can be an important step towards reducing the risks of academic failure and can contribute to increasing students’ academic achievements. Keywords Modern educational environment; IT-technologies; IT-resources; Use of electronic devices in schools; Learning outcomes; Academic achievements; Socio-economic status of the family.
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