The findings of this study provide evidence of possible vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory sydrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in asymptomatic pregnant women, using the novel World Health Organizaton criteria for the establishment of mother-to-child transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in amniotic fluid and its persistence in the neonate 24 h after birth was demonstrated. What are the clinical implications of this work?This work highlights the importance of testing more than one sample for SARS-CoV-2 in neonates of asymptomatic infected women in order to increase the detection rate in positive cases. Identification of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection might help clinicians to understand better the long-term effects or complications of the disease.