IntroductionDental caries is an infectious disease with Streptococcus mutans as the main cariogenic bacteria. Children with early S. mutans colonization have a higher risk of developing dental caries than those with later colonization. Therefore, prevention or delay of S. mutans colonization may be advantageous for the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC).AimTo evaluate and compare the effectiveness of xylitol and placebo wipes on S. mutans count in 19- to 35-month-old children.Materials and methodsForty-four children were randomly selected from a daycare center and divided into two groups. Allocation concealment was done and both (placebo and xylitol) wipes were distributed to their parents. Instructions were given regarding their use, to be used twice daily for 2 weeks and the S. mutans levels in the saliva were enumerated before and after wipes usage. The collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests.ResultsA clinically significant decrease in the S. mutans count was observed in the xylitol wipes group than the placebo wipes group. Intergroup comparison results were found to be statistically insignificant.ConclusionXylitol wipes usage could serve as a useful adjunct in reducing the cariogenic bacteria, especially S. mutans, and thus can be considered as an adjunct oral hygiene tool for caries prevention in young childrenHow to cite this article: Kayalvizhi G, Nivedha D, Sajeev R, Prathima GS, Suganya M, Ramesh V. Evaluating the Efficacy of Xylitol Wipes on Cariogenic Bacteria in 19- to 35-month-old Children: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(1):13-17.
Background: Caries is an infectious disease that is induced by the diet. Despite its decline in all age groups on a worldwide basis, it is still a serious public health problem in Indian children and its control should be a priority. It has been demonstrated that ECC can gradually reduce the children's weight, which can be reversed after complete oral rehabilitation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an association between ECC and age and gender specific height, weight and mid upper arm circumference (muac). Materials and Method: A study was conducted in a total of 450 children belonging to the age group of 4-6 years attending pre schools in Puducherry. Oral health status was assessed by using decayed extractedfilled teeth index (deft). Weight assessment was done using Akai weighing scale and height was measured using height measuring scale, while MUAC was measured using measuring plastic tape. The obtained data was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Statistically, there was no significant association between height, weight and MUAC when compared with ECC (p=0.946,0.955,0.909) respectively. No Significant association was found when gender and ECC were compared (males p=0.222) (females p=0.272),but girls were found to be more prone to ECC than boys. Conclusion: In our study, we found that there was no significant association between early childhood caries and age. When gender was compared with ECC, a significant association was found stating that girls are more prone to ECC than males. Overall, When ECC was compared with age and gender specific height, weight and MUAC, there was no significant association found.
Background: Several methods relying on dental calcification of the teeth, up to the second molar, are used for evaluation of age in childhood. The objective of this research was to evaluate the reliability and validity of Demirjian's and Cameriere's radiographic methods of dental age estimation in Puducherry population aged between 9 and 13 years. Aim : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian and Cameriere methods for dental age estimation in order to obtain a more reliable and reproducible age estimation method as an aid in forensic odontology. Settings and Design: The sample was comprised of 200 digital OPG of children in and around Puducherry (90 female and 110 male) aged 9 to 13 years. Method: Demirjian & Cameriere method, both are assessed by the dental maturity of seven left mandibular teeth. The mean age error and absolute age error for both the methods were calculated and the difference between the estimated dental age and chronological age were compared with the paired t-test Results: The Demirjian method tends to overestimate (1.10 years) the chronological age of participants and Cameriere method underestimated (-0.31 years) the chronological age. On gender comparison, boys and girls showed overestimation by 0.99 years and 1.22 years for Demirjian methods respectively, while underestimation by-0.30 years and-0.33 years for boys and girls respectively was observed with Cameriere method. Conclusions: Cameriere method of dental age estimation is more accurate than Demirjian method for estimating the age among 9-13 year old in Puducherry population.
Background: Dental fear in children has a devastating effect on their behavior which includes them to have a predetermined notion that the dental treatment would be of a painful experience. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and its association with dental caries and gingival disease in 6-12-year-old school children in Puducherry. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 school children (200 boys) and (200 girls) were selected randomly between 6 and 12 years age group. Children completed a modified questionnaire from dental fear survey questionnaire and undertook an oral examination using decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) Index and Loe and Silness gingival index (GI). Results: Prevalence of low to moderate "general dental fear" was 46%, and while that of high dental fear was 72%. The mean DMFT (1.82 ± 1.74) and GI (1.02 ± 0.54) of boys was not significantly different from the DMFT (1.96 ± 81) and GI (0.95 ± 0.55) of girls (P > 0.05). Spearman's correlation test demonstrated negative correlation between age and dental fear (r = −0.523; P = 0.005). Conclusion: No significant alteration was found between male and female children regarding DMFT and gingival scores. Dental fear scores decreased with increasing age. No association was found between dental fear and DMFT and GI scores.
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