Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease from the group of spondylarthritis, characterized by damage to the predominantly axial skeleton, gradual formation of functional disorders of the spine and joints, leading to temporary or permanent disability and poor quality of life for patients, mostly young. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the study of the effectiveness of kinesitherapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Studies have been conducted that confirmed the positive effect on the function of the spine and joints of regular exercises performed at home, regular group exercise and their combination with physiotherapy methods. However, due to the imperfect methodology of conducting these studies and the lack of a standardized approach in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy in these patients, further detailed researches are needed to select the required amount of kinesitherapy for patients with ankylosing spondylitis and develop a standardized assessment of its effectiveness.
Interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) is one of the systemic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated with high mortality. According to the latest data, the prevalence of RA-ILD is 3–4%. 26% of patients with RA-ILD develop a progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) phenotype. To date, for the diagnosis of ILD, including in RA, the ultrasound method of research is being intensively introduced. Ultrasonography of the lungs is a useful adjunct to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and an affordable aid for frequent use. The advantages of lung ultrasound are high information content, reproducibility, ease of use, speed of execution, prognostic value, absence of ionizing radiation. Identification of B-lines in various variants, an uneven, thickened, discontinuous pleural line, and/or delimited cortical consolidations in the form of hypoechoic small areas during ultrasound of the lungs in RA patients can help to promptly suspect ILD and send them to HRCT. The simple and uncomplicated research technology makes it attractive for monitoring the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. The use of ultrasound is necessary, in particular, in the presence of a progressive ILD phenotype, confirmed by HRCT, for conducting serial studies in order to monitor the progression of the disease.
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most frequent and formidable diseases, and rates as one of the most common disease in the structure of acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the proportion of necrotic forms of the disease with damage to various departments of the retroperitoneal space and a stably high mortality rate. The diagnostics problem of acute pancreatitis is still relevant due to difficulties that persist despite the possibility of a comprehensive examination of patients upon admission to the hospital and during treatment. This article presents a review of the literature, reflecting the state of the problem and aspects of diagnostic radiology of acute pancreatitis.
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