Nanotechnology research is rolling worldwide, having an impact on multiple sectors and with a general belief that medical and biological applications will form the greatest area of expansion over the next decade. This field is mainly driven by an endeavour to bring radical solutions to areas of medical need, not fulfilled presently. This article discusses the basic concepts and developments in the field of nanosensors and their applications in pharmaceutical and medicine fields. Various types of nanosensors including optical nanosensors, electrochemical nanosensors, chemical nanosensors, electrometers, biosensors, and deployable nanosensors are described. It describes the progression of this field of research from its birth up to the present, with emphasis on the techniques of sensor construction and their application to biomedical systems.
Contamination of environment due to indiscriminate use of herbicides poses severe risks to soil, water and air as well as human health. Therefore, need of easy, rapid and of low cost detection methods triggered the researcher to find out new technology. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), the synthetic materials are very useful in these circumstances. It offers several advantages to the environmental scientist, chemist, pharmaceutical, and agro food industry for analysis, sensoring, extraction, or preconcentration of analytes. The high toxicity of herbicides and their large use in modern agriculture practices has increased public concerns. In this review paper, imprinting and detection of herbicide, the recognition and transport properties of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membranes prepared for herbicides such as Isoproturon and 2,4-D in particular have been discussed.
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