A survey is made of magnetic flux transfer events (FTE's) observed both exterior a lower limit of ~6 kV for the voltage associated with FTE magnetic flux removal during southward field conditions. However we argue that this value actually may be up to an order of magnitude larger. Thus FTE's could provide the dominant means of flux transfer required to drive geomagnetic disturbances.

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We present simultaneous measurements at high temporal resolution of flux transfer events (FTEs) earthward of the magnetopause using four instruments on the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) UKS spacecraft. The seven events in our study are distributed in local time from early dawn to midafternoon over a GSM latitude range of ∼40°, from 24°N to 17°S. A multilayered structure is revealed with systematic behavior in fields and charged particle populations. The plasma pressure varies in anticorrelation with the field pressure, the total pressure in general exceeding that of the surrounding medium. While it is not the prime concern of this paper to discuss the validity of models proposed for FTEs, the new, detailed experimental results it contains make it clear that the Russell‐Elphic [1978] model needs, at the very least, more detailed development.

Using nonlinear ideal MHD equations, we analyse the structure of the convection region within a Petschek-type model for reconnection. We show how, assuming that the normal field and flow components remain small and using simple wave analysis, the structure of the reconnection layer as well as the behaviour of the tangential field and plasma parameters can be specified in terms of the external parameters in the inflow regions. Equations for the normal field and flow components and the angular width of the reconnection layer (assuming planar symmetry and a steady state) are also given in terms of the value of the electric field along the reconnection line. The model is suited to application at the earth's magnetopause and in the distant magnetotail. In particular, it lends itself to an investigation of the requirements for reconnection to occur and the general validity of MHD reconnection models in practical applications.