A reverse transcriptase inhibitor, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), was evaluated for efficacy against acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in juvenile macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Macaques were pretreated subcutaneously with PMEA for 48 h before SIV inoculation. Drug treatment continued for an additional 28 days. Efficacy of PMEA was determined by detection of SIV in blood, SIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and SIV antibodies. Protection from acute SIV infection occurred in 83% of macaques treated with 20 mg/kg/day versus 50% of macaques treated with 10 mg/kg/day. Several PMEA-treated macaques developed mild dermatitis that disappeared when the 4-week therapy ended. The results of these experiments indicate that preexposure prophylaxis with PMEA can prevent acute SIV infection in macaques. Since PMEA demonstrates profound inhibition of retrovirus infection, it may have utility as a chemoprophylactic agent for humans exposed to SIV or human immunodeficiency virus.
To enhance environmental complexity for singly caged pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina), we designed a food puzzle to promote foraging. The puzzles, made of clear plastic tubing and loaded with peanuts in the shell, were suspended from linked chains and attached to the fronts of the cages. Animals manipulated the puzzles by reaching through a cage opening. Upon presentation of loaded puzzles, most animals attempted to remove the peanuts. More peanuts were removed within an hour after the puzzle was loaded than at any other time during the day. Young adult animals showed no sex differences in number of peanuts removed and were more proficient than middle-aged animals in removing peanuts during the first hour of testing. Middle-aged females were more proficient than middleaged males. The food puzzle enhanced the animals' cage environment by providing a goal-oriented activity that they could control.
The antiretroviral drugs azidothymidine (AZT) and 9-(-2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) were individually tested for prevention of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmne) infection in macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Macaques were pretreated with either drug before inoculation with SIVmne, and drug treatment was continued for four weeks. The virus, antibody, and clinical status of the macaques was monitored for up to 36 weeks following inoculation. While AZT prophylaxis resulted in reduced virus load in some macaques, PMEA prophylaxis was highly efficacious in preventing acute SIVmne infection.
Alle Manuskripte sind direkt an die Schriftleitung zu richten; grundsätzlich werden nur solche Arbeiten angenommen, die vorher weder im Inland noch im Ausland veröffentlicht worden sind selbst wenn es sich dabei nur um einen Kurzbericht gehandelt hat. Die 'Manuskripte dürfen auch nicht gleichzeitig anderen Blättern zum Abdruck angeboten werden. -Mit der Annahme des Manuskriptes erwirbt der Verlag das ausschließliche Recht der Vervielfältigung, Verbreitung und Ubersetzung der in dieser Zeitschrift zum Abdruck gelangten Beiträge. Der Verlag erwirbt weiter das Recht der Verwendung des Manuskriptes für fremdsprachliche Ausgaben. Kein Teil dieser Zeitschrift darf in irgendeiner Form, auch nicht durch Fotokopie, Mikrofilm oder irgendein anderes Verfahren ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages reproduziert werden; jedoch wird gewerblichen Unternehmen die Anfertigung einer fotomechanischen Vervielfältigung (Fotokopie, Mikrokopie) für den innerbetrieblichen Gebrauch nach Maßgabe des zwischen dem Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels und dem Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie abgeschlossenen Rahmenabkoinmens gestattet. Werden die Gebühren durch Wertmarken entrichtet, so ist für jedes Fotokopierblatt eine Marke im Betrag von DM 0.10 zu verwenden. -Die Aufnahme dieser Zeitschrift in Lesezirkel ist nicht gestattet.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.