This study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons at a private Farm in Road Village in Sahl El-Husseiniya, Sharkia Governorate to study the influence of foliar spraying with three potassium sources at three concentrations from each of them i.e. potassium sulfate1,2 and 4 g/ L; potassium silicate at 1,2,and 4cm/L as well as potassium humate at 1,2 and 4 cm / L beside without foliar spraying (control) to reduce the bad effects salinity stress on growth, yield and quality of pea Master B cultivar under saline soil conditions. The experiment was carried out by using completely randomized blocks design with three replications. Spraying pea plants with potassium silicate (4 cm/L) significantly increased and created the maximum means of all studied traits (growth, yield and yield attributes and chemical constituents in the leaves and seeds) as compared to other studied treatment in the two seasons. Spraying with potassium silicate (2 cm/L) was the second best treatment, followed by potassium silicate at the rate of 1 cm/L, then potassium humate at the rate of 4 cm/L and 2 cm/L in the two seasons. Conversely, the lowest means of these traits resulted from control treatment in the two seasons. Overall, using potassium silicate at different rates as foliar application exceeded using potassium humate at different rates exceeded potassium sulfate at different rates in the two seasons. Concerning proline % in leaves, it had adverse trend comparing with other studied traits in the two seasons. Generally, it could be recommended that spraying pea plants through 4 cm potassium silicate/L to enhance growth, yield and yield components and chemical constituents of pea under the environmental conditions of same research.
Field experiments were carried out at Sids Research Station, Agricultural Research Center during 2016 and 2017seasons to determine the critical period of weed competition in pepper yield and study the effect of some pre-emergence herbicides on controlling weeds and its reflection on yield and its component of pepper. It could be concluded that some safe alternatives to mechanical weed control hand hoeing (twice), are the use of mulching by black polyethylene or reduced rate of pendimethalin (0.850 L.\fed) and butralin (1.25 L.\fed.) for weed control during the pepper crop to produce good fruit yield free from herbicidal residues. Mathematical models between weed-free duration periods were quadric 8.3 and 7.0 weeks from transplanting. The application of pendimethalin at 0.850 l.\feddan supplemented with one hand hoeing and black polyethylene mulch were the best treatments to reduce weed biomass, followed by hand hoeing twice and butralin at 1.25l.\feddan supplemented with one hand hoeing to face weed problem in critical period of weed competition and herbicidal residues in edible pepper fruits were below the maximum residue limit. The relationship between all characters were negatively and significant correlated with weed biomass and positive with pepper fruit yield in both seasons. Practical implications of this research are that planting pepper need weed management in 8 weeks from transplanting from weed competition which can be achieved by either the use of pendimethalin or butralin at a full recommended rates or followed by one hand hoeing or black polyethylene mulching to prevent early weed competition to pepper crop.
Fifteen crosses were made between the parents. The recorded measurements were plant height, number of days to flowering, pod length, pod width, number of seeds/pod, weight of 100-seeds, number of pods/plant and weight of pods/plant. The parents of Entesar2 and Entesar1 showed the best mean performance followed by Jaguar for the most studied traits. The cross combinations of Entesar1 x Entesar2, Entesar1 x Master and Entesar1 x Little Marvel showed the best mean performance for the most studied traits. The F 1 hybrids of Master × Little Marvel, Little Marvel × Master, Entesar1 x Entesar2, Entesar1 × Little Marvel, Little Marvel × Entesar1 and Master × Palmoral exhibited a heterosis for the most traits. The obtained results of mean performance, heterosis and potance ratio demonstrated that the hybrids of Master × Little Marvel, Little Marvel × Master, Entesar1 x Entesar2 and Entesar1 × Little Marvel are the best hybrids. Plant height, number of days to flowering, pod width, pod weight and number of pods/plant were positively and significantly correlated with pod yield per plant, which are of great importance as selection criteria for yield improvement of pea.These findings can be utilized further in selection programs to enhance the yield potential of pea genotypes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.