Intensification of glassmaking processes is a priority task for domestic glass industry. The partial (complete) replacement of the carbonate part of the glass mixture with the corresponding hydroxides is a perceptual direction. Obtaining the silicon-sodium concentrate is the result of physico-chemical activation of silicon-containing raw materials with sodium hydroxide used as the sodium-containing component of the mixture. Its phase composition is amorphous and crystalline in the form of low-temperature quartz and sodium metasilicate. The bulk density of the synthesized product meets the requirements of GOST 5100-85 for soda ash. Separation of solid and liquid parts of the synthesized product is carried out using an experimental plant for the extraction with a single extractant. The method of conductometry is used to study the soluble part. The calculation of the residual value of NaOH in the product is based on titrant volumes by equivalence points during the titration of a weighed quantity of the experimental batch of the product and the mass of insoluble residue. The article presents the results of a comparative study of the physico-chemical properties of the products of activation and carbonate mixture to obtain silicate blocks with various modularities. On the basis of physico-chemical properties, the resulting product can be used in the glass industry to produce silicate blocks of various modularities with the expected decrease in temperature and preparation time.
The research continues the direction of intensification of glass-making processes by completely replacing soda ash in the glass batch with sodium hydroxide to obtain a well-classified intermediate two-component raw material. A method for obtaining a modified synthetic raw material (SRMm) for producing sodium-calcium-silicate glass based on quartz-containing raw material and sodium hydroxide is considered. SRMm consists of two parts, the chemical composition of one of which corresponds to the low-melting eutectic on the Na2O-SiO2 diagram, in contrast to the prototype SRM, the chemical composition of which corresponds to the chemical composition of silicate glass. The products of the synthesis of parts of quartz sand and sodium hydroxide are mixed with the rest of the components of the glass batch of alkali-silicate glasses, followed by possible agglomeration by known methods. The results of a comparative X-ray phase analysis of experimental charges, as well as heat-treated pelletized samples, show more pronounced glass formation processes in a charge based on SRMm than using the prototype. The use of experimental charges can intensify the physicochemical reactions at the stage of melting in a glass-making furnace, reduce the maximum melting temperature of glass, reduce the carryover of dust-like components of the charge and the technogenic load on the environment.
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