<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The main objective of the current study was to assess the level of medication adherence, quality of life, risk factors for better treatment outcomes and to improve patient quality of life by giving TB education.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective observational study was conducted on 278 patients (139 tubercular patients and 139 health volunteers). A data collection form of various socio-demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and co-morbid conditions for tuberculosis were collected. The quality of life (QOL) was assessed by interviewing the subjects using WHO-QOL BREF questionnaire. Morisky – 8 item medication Adherence Questionnaire was used for assessing adherence. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In a total of 139 TB patients, high adherence (60.06%), medium adherence (20.86%) and low adherence (10.07%) are reported. WHOQOL-BREF mean domain scores were physical health (54.10±12.33), psychological health (51.73±16.24), social health (62.04±15.35) and environmental health (57.14±16.90) respectively. In present study male (67.63%) are higher than females (32.37%). Risk factors observed in study were statistically significant and discussed in present study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study showed that the MMAS-8 had good reliability and validity for measuring adherence levels in rural TB patients. There was a high level of adherence to anti-TB treatment was seen in study area. WHO-QOL BREF questionnaire had good reliability and validity for measuring quality of life and Improved quality of life observed in patients with high adherence to anti tubercular drugs. Risk factors such as age, education, locality, food habits, income, smoking and alcoholism are independently associated with Tuberculosis.</p>
Backgroundː : Abortion results in emotional stress affecting the mental health of women. Women become more anxious in the subsequent pregnancy. The severity of anxiety depends on the number of prior pregnancy losses. Aim: To study the prevalence of anxiety during pregnancy in women with previous spontaneous abortions. Materials and Methods: A case control study was done on 200 women (study group) with a previous history of spontaneous abortions and compared with 200 women (control group) with a previous normal delivery. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale for all women in the first trimester. Anxiety score <17 indicates mild severity, 18–24 mild to moderate severity and 25–30 moderate to severe anxiety. Results: In the study population, most of the women were found to be in the age group of 26-30years. 149(74.5%) women had previous one spontaneous abortion and 51((25.5%) had previous two spontaneous abortions in the study group. The prevalence of anxiety was observed in 42(21%) in the study group and 20(10%) in the control group and was found to be statistically significant. In the study group, 26(62%) women had mild anxiety, 13(31%) with moderate anxiety and 3(7%) had severe anxiety and 14(60%) had mild anxiety, 6(40%) moderate anxiety in the control group. Conclusions: Women experience emotional trauma and stress following previous pregnancy losses which can have a negative impact on her mental health. Anxiety increases in the subsequent pregnancy. Anxiety level depends on the number of previous pregnancy losses. Hence careful prenatal care and psychological support should be advised to pregnant women with prior spontaneous abortions to improve the quality of life.
Introduction: Impacted third molars are the most frequently impacted teeth in humans and can predispose the adjacent second molar to an array of detrimental effects such as caries. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars and to evaluate the decay on the second molar as an effect of an impacted third molar in three different age groups. Objectives: The present study evaluates (1) prevalence and determines the decay on the second molar as an effect of impacted mandibular third molars in three different age groups and (2) awareness among the patients about mandibular third molar impaction and its treatment. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Sreepuram, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana. A total of 150 radiographs records have been assessed. Based on the age groups, 150 radiographs have been divided into three groups, namely, Group A: Age: 21-25 years (50 radiographs); Group B: Age: 26-30 years (50 radiographs); and Group C: Age: 31-35 years (50 radiographs). Results: The present study reveals that mesioangular impactions were the most prevalent type of impaction, followed by horizontal, vertical, and distoangular impactions. In age groups 21-25 years and 31-35 years, horizontal third molar impaction shows the highest effect on adjacent second molar. Of 150 patients, 87 (58%) show grossly decayed second molar because of the effect of impacted mandibular third molars and 58 (39%) patients were asymptomatic and unaware of existing condition and pathology of an adjacent second molar. Conclusion: Impacted mandibular third molars are associated with complications that are manifested on the adjacent second molars. In this present study, about 58% show decay on the second molar as an effect of an impacted mandibular third molars and 39% were unaware of the existing condition of second molars, and if untreated, it may lead to the severe destruction of the tooth.
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