An approximately 5-year-old American Miniature Horse mare presented for dystocia of several hours' duration. Upon arrival she was in sternal recumbency and unable to stand, with both pelvic limbs splayed perpendicular to her body. The mare was induced under general anaesthesia and a controlled vaginal delivery with partial fetotomy was performed. After resolution of the dystocia, the mare could not stand without support but was able to bear weight and ambulate with her hind legs hobbled. The mare was diagnosed with bilateral obturator neuropathy following radiographs to rule out orthopaedic injury. She was hobbled, confined for 24 h, and treated with corticosteroids, anti-inflammatories and antibiotics. After 24 h, the mare could comfortably bear weight, and after 96 h she could walk without hobbles. She was discharged 6 days after admission with only mild lateral hindlimb instability. K E Y W O R D Shorse, dystocia, miniature, obturator nerve | e33POST-PARTUMPARALYSISFOLLOWINGDYSTOCIAINA MINIATURE HORSE dorsosacral position, with bilateral carpal flexion. The head was amputated at the atlanto-occipital junction to allow more room for manipulation. The fetus was repulsed, repositioned and delivered with minimal effort. The placenta was delivered manually, in its entirety, within 20 min.After recovering from anaesthesia, the mare was unable to rise.Neurological examination revealed that nociception and spinal reflexes were present. She could flex and extend both hind legs but could not maintain adduction. With the assistance of a sling under her caudal abdomen and upward traction on her tail she was lifted into a standing position; however, she could not maintain this stance on her own and immediately collapsed.The mare was induced under injectable anaesthesia, and pelvic radiographs were obtained. Ventro-dorsal radiographs showed no evidence of pelvic/femoral fracture or coxofemoral luxation. After eliminating orthopaedic causes of hindlimb instability, the mare was diagnosed with bilateral obturator neuropathy. TRE ATMENTThe mare was moved to a bedded stall with a ventral abdominal sling and tail support. Hobbles were placed around the hindlimbs just distal to the tarsus, keeping the limbs adducted to <1.5 times pelvic width to prevent coxofemoral luxation. Once hobbled, the mare was assisted into a standing position and was able to walk a few steps without support. A sling was placed under the caudal abdomen and attached to an overhead chain hoist. The sling was loosely secured in
Treatment failure in joint infections is associated with fibrinous, antibiotic-resistant, floating and tissue-associated Staphylococcus aureus aggregates formed in synovial fluid (SynF). We explore whether antibiotic activity could be increased against Staphylococcus aureus aggregates using ultrasound-triggered microbubble destruction (UTMD), in vitro and in a porcine model of septic arthritis. In vitro, when bacterially laden SynF is diluted, akin to the dilution achieved clinically with lavage and local injection of antibiotics, amikacin and ultrasound application result in increased bacterial metabolism, aggregate permeabilization, and a 4-5 log decrease in colony forming units, independent of microbubble destruction. Without SynF dilution, amikacin + UTMD does not increase antibiotic activity. Importantly, in the porcine model of septic arthritis, no bacteria are recovered from the SynF after treatment with amikacin and UTMD—ultrasound without UTMD is insufficient. Our data suggest that UTMD + antibiotics may serve as an important adjunct for the treatment of septic arthritis.
ObjectiveTo describe the success rate and associated complications of external skeletal fixator/intramedullary pin tie‐in for calf femoral fracture fixation.Study DesignClinical retrospective.AnimalsTen calves, less than 30 days old, with diaphyseal/metaphyseal femoral fractures.MethodsMedical records were reviewed from the University of Wisconsin from 2000 to 2020. Fractures were repaired using open reduction and fixation. An intramedullary Steinman pin was placed, exiting near the greater trochanter, and utilized for fracture reduction. Bicortical transfixation pins were placed distal and proximal to the fracture site. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐filled tubing connected the transfixation pins and proximal intramedullary pin, creating a Type 1a external skeletal fixator (ESF) tie‐in. Follow up was obtained via medical records and phone interviews.ResultsShort‐term survival rate was 7/10 (70%). Postanesthetic death occurred once. Postoperative complications occurred in all remaining cases. The most common findings were transfixation pin tract lucency and lameness (6/9 cases), implant dysfunction (5/9 cases), and infection (4/9 cases). Three of five cases with long‐term follow up survived; all went on to productive careers.ConclusionAlthough patients were prone to postoperative complications, short‐term survival was comparable to previous reports.Clinical SignificanceThe external skeletal fixator/intramedullary (ESF/IM) pin tie‐in is less expensive and offers comparable success rates to other methods, providing a lower cost option for calf femoral fracture repair.
Conventional treatment for intervertebral disc herniation alleviates pain but does not repair the annulus fibrosus (AF), resulting in a high incidence of recurrent herniation and persistent disfunction. The lack of repair and the acute inflammation that arise after injury further compromises the disc and can result in disc-wide degeneration in the long term. To address this clinical need, we developed tension-activated repair patches (TARPs) for annular repair and the local delivery of bioactive anti-inflammatory factors. TARPs transmit physiologic strains to mechanically-activated microcapsules (MAMCs) embedded within, which activate and release encapsulated biomolecules in response to physiologic loading. Here, we demonstrate that the TARP design modulates implant biomechanical properties and regulates MAMC mechano-activation. Next, the FDA-approved anti-inflammatory molecule, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, Anakinra, was loaded in TARPs and the effects of TARP-mediated annular repair and Anakinra delivery was evaluated in a model of annular injury in the goat cervical spine. TARPs showed robust integration with the native tissue and provided structural reinforcement at the injury site that prevented disc-wide aberrant remodeling resulting from AF detensioning. The delivery of Anakinra via TARP implantation improved the retention of disc biochemical composition through increased matrix deposition and retention at the site of annular injury. Anakinra delivery additionally attenuated the inflammatory response associated by scaffold implantation, decreasing osteolysis in adjacent vertebrae and preserving disc cellularity and matrix organization throughout the AF. These results demonstrate the translational and therapeutic potential of this novel TARP system for the treatment of intervertebral disc herniations.One Sentence SummaryTension-activated repair patches delivering bioactive anti-inflammatory factors improve healing in an in vivo goat cervical disc injury model.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.