Because of the economic importance of the solitary carpenter moth, Paropta paradoxa (Herrich-Schaffer) and leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina (L.) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) on grapevine, fig, apple, olive, pear trees, the male and female reproductive systems were described and illustrated. They are similar to that of the other lepidopterous insects with a little variation. Accessory glands are longer and its reservoirs are larger compared with several species of Lepidoptera. Concerning P. paradoxa and Z. pyrina species, the most differences include accessory glands, accessory gland reservoirs, length and shape of male genitalia and aedeagus tips.
Results indicated that the developmental periods of eggs, larvae, prepupal and pupal stages were 6.70, 14.75, 2.20 and 12.80 days at 20 • C and 65%RH, while it lasted 3.76, 8.80, 1.25 and 6.35 days at 30 • C and 65%RH. The longevity of female was 27.30 days, while the male longevity was 32.60 days at 21.6 • C and 67%RH. The longevity of female was 27.3 days, the male longevity was 32.6 days at 21.6 • C and 67%RH. The number of eggs/female ranged from 75 to 180 eggs. Concerning pheromone traps study, the highest peaks of male catches recorded in the first week of Dec. and in the first week of Nov. with 550 and 880 males /3traps for both two seasons, respectively. On the other hand, water pan trap was the most effective (406 males /trap) followed by modified palm weevil bucket trap (226/males/ trap). Also, the green traps caught the higher males compared with that of yellow, red and white colors but the means of all tested colors were not significantly different. Regarding the lure types, Tuta optima, lure was the highest efficient (252.8 males/trap), while the prepared locally lure was the lowest (39.4 males/trap) and the differences among means of the three lure types were significant. For periodicity of male catches during scootphase and photophase it found that the attraction was higher in the 1 st hour of photophase than that of the 2 nd hour where the trapped moths in the 1 st hour represented 5.8 folds of that of the 2 nd hour.
Thirteen species of insect pests belong to eight families and five orders were recorded on Calendula plants. Nesidocoris tenuis Reut. While twelve insect pests belong to nine Families under six orders were recorded On chamomile plants. The chrysanthemum fly, Trupanea stellata (F.) was the highest in population followed by Lygus gomellatus H. S. and Nysius graminicolus K. Concerning the population fluctuations for the dominant insects pests, it found that N. tenuis had six peaks per season. The highest peaks were recordrd at the 2 nd week of April and the end of March for 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. For Empoasca decipiens Paoli, detected four peaks in the 1 st season and five peaks in the 2 nd season. The highest peaks were recorded individuals/50 double sweep net strokes in the 2 nd week of April and in the 3 rd week of March. for 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively. On chamomile, Lygus gomellatus had 5 peaks in the 1 st season and only four peaks in the 2 nd season. N. graminicolus, showed six peaks in the 1 st season and 5 peaks in the 2 nd season. The highest peaks were at the 1 st week of Dec. and the 2 nd week of Dec. for 1 st and 2 nd seasons. Aphids had four peaks in both study seasons, the highest peaks found in the last week of March and 3 rd week of Feb. for 1 st and 2 nd seasons , respectively. Also, population density of T. stellata recorded five peaks for each. On the other hand, five species of predatory insects belong to four orders (Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera and Diptera), were recorded in the first and 2 nd seasons on chamomile and calendula plants, respectively. Population density of predators showed that, Orius spp. was the most dominant predator, while the dipterous predators showed the lowest population.
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