Demography is the scientific study of characteristics and dynamics pertaining to the human population, including things like size, growth rate, density and distribution of a specified group. The primary reason people use demography is to create statistics-in fact, the term roughly translates to "people measurement." These allow a person to get a picture of how common specific traits within a group are. Comparing statistics over time also allows researchers to show changes that are happening in the target group. A research survey was undertaken to ascertain the 'Association of Demographic Variables versus the Frequency of Usage of Core Aerospace Engineering e-Databases' amongst the aerospace scientists and engineers of selected 16 aerospace organizations of Bangalore. The major findings of this study are: The χ2 test indicates that the demographic variable, viz., Category Wise Distribution of the Respondents, namely: Aerospace Scientist / Aerospace Engineer(χ2=20.832, P Value = 0.000), Occupation(χ2=65.978, P Value = 0.000), Qualification(χ2=28.207, P Value = 0.005), and Specialization(χ2=42.228, P Value = 0.003), by the 'Frequency of Use of Core Aerospace Engineering e-Databases' have significant association. This implies that the percentage of preference for the above mentioned demographic variables are not approximately the same [Not Uniformly distributed]. The χ2 tests for the remaining demographic variables, namely, Gender and Age-Group by the 'Frequency of Use of Core Aerospace Engineering e-Databases' have no significant association. This implies that percentages of preference for these demographic variables are approximately the same [Uniformly distributed].
Flight is one of the safest modes of travel even today. However, nearly 75 percent of civil and military aviation accidents around the globe have been attributed to human errors at various levels such as design, drawing, manufacturing, assembly, maintenance, and flight operations. This paper traces the civil aviation accidents that have occurred during the last eight decades and brings out the vital factors leading to the disaster by considering a few representative cases. The concept of human factors is introduced, and the various models that have been in use to understand the root causes leading to aviation accidents are presented. An example of the application of human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) framework is narrated. It is found that majority of recent civil aviation accidents have occurred during the landing and approach phases, and it is possible to minimize the accidents by suitably maintaining situational awareness. Considering the growth of air traffic that is expected to double in the next 10–15 years, the role of human factors in preventing aviation accidents is even more relevant. A new model for human factors is proposed. Way forward to even safer skies is presented.
Today, scientific journals undoubtedly represent the most vital means for disseminating research findings. Often, the research challenges common assumptions and/or the research data presented in the published scientific literature in order to gain a clearer understanding of the facts and findings. Depending upon the policies of a given journal, articles may include reports of original research, re-analyses of others’ research, reviews of the literature in a specific area, proposals of new but untested theories, or opinion pieces. One can also say that, journals are fundamental to formal scholarly communication. It is also observed that for more than three centuries, scholarly journals have played a pivotal role in the creation and dissemination of knowledge by serving as the primary medium of scholarly communication. This has however remained unchanged in form and function over its lifetime. It is now very clear that science as we know it is scarcely imaginable without the scholarly journal [1, 2]. A research study was undertaken to study the ‘Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Journals’ The geographic boundary of this research study consisted of 16 prominent aerospace organizations of Bangalore. The age-group of this study was between 21-60 years. The broad areas of specialization of the Aerospace Scientists and Engineers have been classified into (a) Thermal and Fluid Sciences, (b) Avionics, Guidance and Control, (c) Aerospace Structures and Allied Mechanical Sciences, (d) Materials and Metallurgy, (e) Flight Operations and other Allied Disciplines, and (f) General Engineering and Support Sciences. The major conclusions of this study are: (a) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied for testing the significant difference among the 16 mean scores attained from the scientists and engineers of the aerospace organizations for ‘Advantages of Use of e-Journals’. It is observed that all the 16 aerospace organizations show a significant difference (P < 0.05) in their mean scores viz., ‘Current / Up to Date Information’, Ease of Search’, Ease of Browsing’, Multi-User Access, Fast Access, ‘Ability to Download’, ’24 Hour Access’, ‘Available Before Print’, ‘Search-ability of Databases among Journals’, ‘e-Back Volumes are Available’, ‘Non-Availability of Print Volumes’, ‘Easy Backup Availability’ and ‘Multiple e-Choice of Formats (PDF, RTF, DOC and HTML)’. (b) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied for testing the significant difference among the 16 mean scores attained from the scientists and engineers of the aerospace organizations for ‘Disadvantages of e-Journals’. It is observed that all the 16 aerospace organizations show a significant difference (P < 0.05) in their mean scores viz., ‘Slow Downloads’, ‘Additional Payment’, ‘Problems with Print Facilities in Databases’, ‘Dependence on Connectivity’, ‘Quality of Print Images is Low’ and ‘It is Difficult to Read on Screen,
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