Currently, transboundary air pollution is one of the main factors of the negative impact of human activities on the environment. Protection of the atmosphere includes a set of technical and administrative measures directly or indirectly aimed at stopping or reducing the increasing pollution of the atmosphere, which is a consequence of industrial development. The effect of smoke and gas emissions is observed over large areas and manifests itself in various ways. The best indicator reflecting this effect is vegetation, which serves as a sensitive reagent for changing environmental conditions. The regulation of the influence of industrial facilities belonging to one administrative-territorial unit on the state of the environment of other regions is one of the most important aspects of environmental protection at the federal level and international cooperation in the field of ecology and environmental protection.
With extremely low forest cover in the Orenburg region (4.6 %), where the environmental stress factor is particularly acute, forests have exceptional climate control, soil protection, and sanitary and hygiene. The priority area of practice and science is the preservation and growth of the forests of the region, which serves as a kind of framework in stabilizing the environmental situation in the region. The presented work shows the state of forest stands under conditions of anthropogenic impact. The culmination of the current radial growth has been established and the so-called “surge” of the current growth of tree stands has been detected with the accumulation of threshold levels of toxicants in a polluted environment, which subsequently leads to loss of stability and destruction of plantations.
The article presents the results of a study of the state of forest ecosystems growing in the zone of the Orenburg gas-chemical complex. The authors established a taxation characteristic depending on the degree of remoteness from the source of pollution, the degree of accumulation and the accumulation series of heavy metals in the forest litter, and the horizontal crown density was calculated. All obtained data were analyzed using statistical analysis methods. The data obtained can be used for practical purposes.
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