We present experimental and simulation results from a 102-Gchips/s incoherent wavelength-hopping time-spreading optical code-division multiple-access testbed, utilizing four 50-GHz ITU grid wavelengths. Error-free operation of four users is obtained with an effective power penalty ∼0.5 dB. Simulation studies show scalability to >10 users with an effective power penalty of ∼4 dB. The simulation study of the impact of asynchronous access on the performance allows for a complete network design from an engineering viewpoint
The
primitive recursive functions
are the least class of functions on the natural numbers containing the constant, successor, and projection functions, and closed under composition and the rule of primitive recursion. A weakened rule of primitive recursion, lacking implicit predecessor, is shown nevertheless to be adequate for defining all of the primitive recursive functions. However, it is conjectured that the still weaker rule of iteration is not adequate, and it is shown that an easily characterized class of 1-Place functions that includes predecessor cannot be defined when only 0- and 1-place intermediate functions are allowed.
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