Environments contaminated with heavy metals negatively impact the living organisms. Ectomycorrhizal fungi have shown important role in these impacted sites. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the copper-resistance of ectomycorrhizal fungi isolates Pisolithus microcarpus - UFSC-Pt116; Pisolithus sp. - UFSC-PT24, Suillus sp. - UFSM RA 2.8 and Scleroderma sp. - UFSC-Sc124 to different copper doses in solid and liquid media. The copper doses tested were: 0.00, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 mmol L−1 in the solid medium and 0.00, 0.32, 0.64 and 0.96 mmol L−1 in the liquid medium. Copper was amended as copper sulphate in order to supplement the culture medium MNM at pH 4.8, with seven replicates to each fungus-dose combination. The fungal isolates were incubated for 30 days at 28 °C. UFSC-Pt116 showed high copper-resistance such as accessed by CL50 determinations (concentration to reduce 50% of the growth) as while as UFSC-PT24 displayed copper-resistance mechanism at 0.50 mmol L−1 in solid medium. The UFSC-PT24 and UFSC-Sc124 isolates have increased copper-resistance in liquid medium. The higher production of extracellular pigment was detected in UFSC-Pt116 cultures. The UFSC-Pt116 and UFSC-PT24 isolates showed higher resistance for copper and produced higher mycelium biomass than the other isolates. In this way, the isolates UFSG-Pt116 and UFSC-PT24 can be important candidates to survive in copper-contaminated areas, and can show important role in plants symbiosis in these contaminated sites.

The adjustment of nitrogen fertilization is essential to promoting dry matter production together with a high concentration of crude protein in Jiggs Bermuda grass under a continuous cuts. The aim of this study was to quantify dry matter and crude protein production in Jiggs Bermuda grass, a cultivar of the genus Cynodon, associated with nitrogen fertilisation. The experimental design was randomised blocks with four replications, where treatments consisted in five doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 cut-1) as urea, first applied during seedlings settlement, and second between 5 to 15 days after each harvest. For three years, in the flowering stage of the plants, 0.50 m 2 area per plot was collected, totaling 18 collections for the determination of the dry mass, after oven drying at 65 °C until constant weight, and after grinding, the concentration and the crude protein content were quantified. Data were analyzed by variance, adjusting the regressions in function of the levels of nitrogen applied. There was a significant response to the nitrogen dosesin dry matter production and crude protein content. The maximum potential for crude protein content was 158.5 kg nitrogen ha-1 (477.7 kg ha-1 of crude protein content), applied per harvest during the autumn/winter period, and 171.2 kg ha-1 (753.1 kg ha-1 of crude protein content) in the spring/summer, with respective increases of 49.7 and 78.9% regarding to the treatment without nitrogen fertilisation.