Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons of 2008/09 and 2009/10 at a private farm in Disuq district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to investigate the response of pea plants, cv. Master B, to inoculation with the Rhizobium bacteria, foliar nutrition with free living bacteria (microbin) and rhizobium + N2-fixer free living bacteria compared to uninoculated with balanced monuring by NPK rates. Four levels of inorganic NPK (1-without NPK, 2-15 kg N + 25 kg P2O5 + native-K, 3-40 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + native-K and 4-60kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + native-K fed -1) were application. Soil analysis shower high content of potassium (432 and 419 ppm available K). The results indicated that inoculation of pea seeds with biofertilizer (Rhizobia + free living bacteria), improved most vegetative characters, as well as green pods yield and its components, shelling ratio, seed yield and its components, seed germination percentage, leaf contents of chlorophyll and seed content of protein. Increasing NPK rate up to 40 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + native-K was accompanied with significant increases in vegetative growth characters, as well as green pods yield and its components, shelling ratio, seed yield and its components, seed germination percentage, leaf contents of chlorophyll and seed content of protein. Rhizobia + free living bacteria biofertilizer combined with NPK rate at 40 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + native-K appeared to be the most efficient treatment for more vigorous growth, green pods yield and its components, shelling ratio, seed yield and its components and seed germination percentage, as well as chlorophyll content in leaves and protein content in seeds.

winter season, to assess response of some wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to the nitrogen fertilization levels by determining the dry plant weight, daily increase, N% in the dry matter, nitrogen uptake during the growing periods and nitrogen uptake during the physiological stages. Split plot design with four replicates was used, the main plots were assigned by four wheat varieties of Gimiza 9, Sakha 61, Sakha 93 and Giza 168. The subplots were assigned by four nitrogen levels of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N fed. 1 (ha = 2.4 fed.). Eight plant samples were collected during the growth periods to determine the previous traits. The obtained results can be summarized as follow:  Gimiza 9 and Giza 168 had the higher dry plant weight of 6.64 and 6.95 (g/plant) compared to Sakha 61 and Sakha 93 of 5.97 and 5.98 (g/plant).  Dry plant weight was increased with increasing nitrogen levels.  The highest daily increase of Gimiza 9 was (138 mg/day) at 97-111 days period, Sakha 61 was (97 mg/day) at 69-83 days period, Sakha 93 was (102 mg/day) at 83-97 days period and Giza 168 was (140 mg/day) at 61-69 days periods.  Nitrogen % was higher in the first growth period and decreased with time and was increased with increasing the nitrogen levels.  Giza 168 had the highest nitrogen uptake (145.27 mg N/plant) there was no significant difference between Gimiza 9, Sakha 61 and Sakha 93.  Nitrogen uptake was increased from 71.16 to 129.04, 158.18 and 173.3 (mg N/plant) with increasing the nitrogen levels from 0 to 30, 60 and 90 kg N fed.-1 respectively.  Gimiza 9 absorbed 23.57% of total nitrogen uptake at tillering, 46.12% at head development stage and 30.32% at flowering stage.  Sakha 61 absorbed 26.06%, 49.19% and 24.76% from total nitrogen uptake at tillering, head development and flowering stages, respectively.  Sakha 93 absorbed 23.55%, 42.22% and 34.23% from total nitrogen uptake at tillering, head development and flowering stages, respectively.  Giza 168 absorbed 22.54%, 46.34% and 31.12% from total nitrogen uptake at tillering, head development and flowering stages, respectively.

Two field experiments (tomato and squash) in rotation were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during the summer and the autumn seasons of 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the effects of some multinutrient fertilizers for long term cultivation under two irrigation systems on crop yield and soil quality. The experiments were carried out under wire proof green house conditions. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L) seedlings under the local name of Alessa was planted . Two irrigation systems and nine fertilizer treatments were examined . Split plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned by two irrigation systems (surface furrow irrigation, and drip irrigation). The sub plots were randomly assigned by nine fertilizer treatments of :-1-control (without fertilization), 2-recommended dose of N and P (200 kg N and 13.08 kg P fed -1 ), 3recommended dose of P and K (13.08 kg P and 41.5 kg K fed .-1 ), 4-recommended dose of N and K, 5-multinutrients 20 -20 -20 +1% Mg + micro nutrients, 6multinutrient 20 -20 -20 + 1% Mg, 7-multinutrient 20 -20 -20 NPK as compound fertilizer (200 kg fed .-1 ), 8-commercial multinutrient 20 -20 -20 NPK as mixed fertilizer and 9-recommended dose of N. P and K (as urea, superphosphat and potassium sulphate). Squash was transplanted on the same design without fertilization depending on the previous fertilizer residuals. The obtained results can be summarized as :-surface irrigation gave higher tomato fruit yield of 32178.3 kg fed -1 , the highest dry fruit weight of 2413.37 kg fed -1 , higher P %, P content of the fruits (0.257% and6.2 kg fed -1 ) respectively, higher values of K % in the shoot and fruits ( 0.9 and 2.7%) , NUE, PUE, KUE and the highest squash fruit yield of 10202.67 kg fed -1 . Drip irrigation produced the highest N % in the shoot and fruits of 0.602 and 0.912 % respectively. Surface irrigation generally decreased available N, K in the soil after squash while available P was increased compared to the values before planting. The highest tomato fruit yield of 31105.2 kg fed -1 , N% in tomato shoot of 0.677%, NUE155.5, PUE 814.0 and KUE 622.1 were obtained with T5.

Field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons, to study host preference and the population densities of Thrips tabaci Lind. and Monacha spp. in lettuce (Roman), onion (Giza red) and garlic (sids 40 and balady cultivars) plantations. Also, the relationship between the biochemical leaf components (Chlorophyll, moisture, potassium (K), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), protein, total carbohydrates mg/kg and phenols) and pest population density. The population density of T. tabaci were detected in lettuce, onion, garlic (sids 40 and balady) plantations by late January. The population density of T. tabaci progressively increased to reached its peaks during February and March. No land snails were detected on balady garlic. Snail populations in lettuce, onion, garlic (sids 40), were low or moderate until mid February, and then gradually increased to maximal peaks in February and March. The highest population density of thrips was observed in onion followed by garlic when compared with lettuce, while Monacha spp. was opposite. Garlic (sids 40) had higher chlorophyll content followed by balady garlic than lettuce. Almost, K, N, P, protein, total carbohydrates and total phenols significantly varied among vegetable crops (p≤ 0.05). In addition, there is a positive correlation between the population density of T. tabaci with each of chlorophyll content, moisture, P and total phenols, while relationship between the population density and K, N, protein and total carbohydrates were negative. There is a negative correlation between land snails and chlorophyll content but it was positive with each of moisture, N, protein and total phenols and positive significant with K (p≤ 0.05).

No abstract