Voacoline, a new minor alkaloid from Voacanga chalotiana Pierre ex Stapf (apocynaceae) is shown to ahve structure I. This structure contains two unusual features : a N,C& indolic group and a hemiketal function. This last feature accounts for the very easy formation of 0-methyl I1 and O-ethylvoacoline 111. A correlation with voachalotine IV, the major alkaloid of the same species, has been achieved by degradation of I to dihydrodeshydroxymethylvoachalotine XIV. UV,IR, NMR and mass spectra of I and some of its derivatives are discussed.La separation des alcaloides totaux de Voacanga chalotiana Pierre ex Stapf (apocynackes) par distribution B contre-courant a 6ttc dCcrite anterieurement (1). La fraction C de cette separation contient au moins trois constituants qui sont mis en evidence par chromatographie sur couche mince. Le plus important d'entre eux peut &tre isole par une nouvelle distribution a contre-courant, par chromatographie sur d i c e ou par cristallisation fractionnee dam l'ether.Cette nouvelle base, la voacoline, se prksente sous forme d'aiguilles incolores, F : 147-147,5" (ether), [LY];~ = -29,8 f 2" (chloroforme, c = 0,5). La teneur en voacoline dans les Ccorces skches de tronc de V. Chalotiana s'elbve a 0,07 % en poids.
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