Cars will become more autonomous and intelligent in the near future. Eventually, Autonomous Intelligent Cars (AICs) will contribute to road safety, will enable the mobilisation of disabled citizens and a will lead to a decrease of CO2 emissions. The European Union aims to stimulate responsible innovation in the field of AICs, in a way that (ethical) acceptability, sustainability and societal desirability are taken into account. The current legal frameworks are not observed to optimally facilitate innovation or successful societal deployment of AICs. This article explores challenges for both innovation and acceptance that follow from the current legal regimes on product liability, liability for motor vehicles and information privacy of consumers of AICs, and discusses these challenges in view of a regulatory balance that is to be reached between stimulation of innovation and consumer protection in the European Union.
Principle 2 of the EPSRC's principles of robotics (AISB workshop on Principles of Robotics, 2016) proves to be future proof when applied to the current state of the art of law and technology surrounding autonomous intelligent cars (AICs). Humans, not AICS, are responsible agents. AICs should be designed; operated as far as is practicable to comply with existing laws and fundamental rights and freedoms, including privacy by design. It will show that some legal questions arising from autonomous intelligent driving technology can be answered by the technology itself.
ARTICLE HISTORY
For a successful societal deployment of Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AIS), citizen's trust is crucial. The central theme of this Chapter is formed by the relationship between informational privacy protection, trust and acceptance of autonomous intelligent technology. This contribution is written from a legal perspective. Certain rules of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are analysed that may apply to AIS-solutions. It is investigated to what extent the application of these rules to AIS-solutions may influence citizen's trust that their informational privacy is well-protected.
IntroductionRapid developments characterise Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AIS) technology. Gradually, systems are endowed with increasing autonomy, 1 allowing these to make decisions that could in the past only have been made by humans, based on increasing intelligence, i.e. means of perceiving and processing information-including naturalThe themes and ideas comprised in this contribution are also encompassed in Roeland's dissertation, which has been published in 2022 [1].
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