The production of motor fuel from rapeseed oil forms large amounts of glycerol as a waste product (about 100 g per kg oil). The aim of this experiment was to test glycerol as a component in diets of fattening pigs. In two experiments received 48 pigs (Pietrain x F1, Landrace x German breed) up to 30% glycerol in barley-soya bean oil meal diets. Six pigs per group with an initial weight of 32 kg (experiment 1) and 31.2 kg (experiment 2) in average received the diets semi ad libitum during the whole fattening periods. Barley was replaced by glycerol, that the content of glycerol in diets amounted 5 and 10% (1st exp.) and 5; 10; 20 and 30% in the 2nd exp. respectively. The feed intake was in order of groups up to slaughtering in exp. 1: 1.98; 2.17 and 2.23 kg DM/animal and day and in exp. 2 over 71 days: 2.26; 2.44; 2.54; 2.32 and 2.37 kg DM/animal and day. The sweet taste and the better feed structure of diets with glycerol supplementation is the reason for the higher feed intake in the groups with a glycerol supplement. The daily live weight gain was in the same order 631; 719; 754; 731; 770; 819; 704 and 598 g/animal resp. The feed conversion ratio was only in the group with 30% glycerol significant different from all other groups (3.96 against 2.95-3.30 kg DM/kg live weight gain). 30 min. after feeding the glycerol concentration in blood rose evident with higher glycerol content in diets. It was also found a higher glycerol content in the urine in dependence on the glycerol concentration in the blood. Glycerol in diets changed not the carcass yield and the meat quality. Pathological changes of liver and kidney of animals were not found after glycerol feeding. Amounts of glycerol up to 10% in the diet are recommended.
Zusammenfassung Ziel des Fütterungsexperimentes an Schweinen war es, die Verwertung des Zusatzes von Pflanzenöl bzw. freien Fettsäuren allein oder in Verbindung mit Glycerin zu vergleichen. Die freien Fettsäuren waren eine Mischung der hydrolytischen Spaltprodukte aus Sojabohnenöl und Rapsöl im Verhältnis 1:1. 5 × 6 Börge (27 kg durchschnittliche Lebendmasse zum Versuchsbeginn) erhielten für 14 Wochen die folgenden Diäten: Kontrollgruppe 1 = Gerstenschrot‐Sojaextraktionsschrot‐Ration (Basisdiät), Kontrollgruppe 2 = Basisdiät + 10% Glycerin, Gruppe 3 = Basisdiät + 3,2% Fettsäuren, Gruppe 4 = Basisdiät + 2,4% Fettsäuren und 0,8% Glycerin, Gruppe 5 = Basisdiät + 3,2% Pflanzenöl. Der Gehalt an umsetzbarer Energie war in den Gruppen 3 und 5 um 7,1% und in Gruppe 4 um 5,8% höher als in der Kontrollgruppe 1. Die höchste Futteraufnahme erreichte die Glyceringruppe 2. Die Lebendmassezunahme betrug in den Gruppen 1 bis 5 = 742 g, 787 g, 784 g, 739 g und 746 g pro Tier und Tag. Der Futteraufwand war zwischen den Gruppen nicht signifikant unterschiedlich. Die höchste Rückenspeckauflage wurde in den Gruppen 3 und 5 festgestellt, welche aus der erhöhten umsetzbaren Energie in diesen Diäten resultierte. Der Gehalt an mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren im Rückenspeck der Tiere betrug in den Gruppen 1 bis 5 = 9,5; 8,0; 15,5; 15,3 und 16,8%. Der Polyensäureneinbau in den Rückenspeck war nach Fütterung von Pflanzenöl höher als nach Fettsäurengabe. Der Gehalt an Palmitin‐ (C16:0) und Stearinsäure (C18:0) war in beiden Kontrollgruppen höher als in den Gruppen mit dem Zusatz von Fettsäuren oder Pflanzenöl. Summary Comparative Investigation on the Utilization of Glycerol, Free Fatty Acids, Free Fatty Acids in Combination with Glycerol and Vegetable Oil in Fattening of Pigs The utilization of supplemented plant oil or free fatty acids in comparison to free fatty acids and glycerol was investigated in a feeding experiment. The free fatty acids originated from soyabean oil and rape‐seed oil (1:1). Five groups of six barrows (27 kg average body weight at the beginning) received the experimental diets for 14 weeks. The five dietary treatments were as follows: Control group 1, barley‐soya bean meal (basal diet); control group 2, basal diet+ 10% glycerol; group 3, basal diet + 3.2% fatty acids; group 4, basal diet +2.4% fatty acids +0.8% glycerol; group 5, basal diet +3.2% vegetable oil. The metabolizable energy (ME) of diets was increased in groups 3 and 5 by 7.1% and in the group 4 by 5.8% compared with control group 1. Glycerol group 2 showed the highest feed intake. In groups 1–5 the daily live weight gain was 742 g, 787 g, 784 g, 739 g and 746 g, respectively. The feed conversion ratio showed no significant differences between the groups. The back fat thickness was highest in groups 3 and 5, due to the increased ME in these diets. The content of polyenic fatty acids in the back fat was 9.5, 8.0, 15.5, 15.3 and 16.8% in groups 1–5, respectively. The incorporation of polyenic acids was higher when vegetable oil was in the diet in comparison...
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