In the modelling of non-transferred plasma torches, the electrical potential is normally used in the same way as in the simulation of transferred plasma torches. This approach results in physically questionable current density profiles. A modification is proposed in the manner that the electrical potential is used in the simulation of non-transferred plasma torches. The new model provides in physically acceptable results. A comparison of the results obtained from the two models (the previously used and the presently proposed), shows differences of up to 50% in the velocity and 20% in the temperature were found. Tests were performed with the new model showing the possibility of using it for a broad range of parameters.
The main objective of this work is to obtain temperature and velocity pro les of the plasma jet, including the electric arc region, generated by non transferred plasma torches. The pro les are obtained from a numerical solution of the conservation equations which w ere used to describe the plasma ow. This modeling approach will help the development and optimization of plasma torches, saving time and reducing costs of an alternative empirical development; it could also give some insight on the phenomena occuring inside the torch. Fluid mechanics models for laminar and turbulent o ws were adopted to simulate the plasma inside and outside the torch. Patankar's control volume method was chosen to solve the resulting coupled di erential equations. The method is very stable and requires less computational time than higher order methods, although it can be less accurate for some applications. A computer code was developed to simulate the jet ow of a plasma torch. The results obtained from this program compared very well with published ones, corroborating the assumptions of the present model and the numerical method. Temperature and velocity pro les for a plasma torch with dimentions and operating conditions similar to the ones used in industrial applications of spraying were generated and analyzed. The plasma torch simulated had an electric arc of 100A, plasma gas ow rate of 20 l=min, cross section of 5:2mm and anode length of 13mm.
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