Skeletal isomerization of 1-butene was carried out over ZSM-22
zeolites in a fixed-bed reactor
system at near atmospheric pressure. The ZSM-22 zeolites obtained
after the synthesis and
subsequent calcination showed high activity in the transformation of
1-butene even without
ion-exchange procedures. There was a great difference in the
catalytic activity between catalysts
calcined in a separate calcination oven and catalysts calcined using
high flows in the reactor.
When a selective isomerization catalyst was prepared using
calcination in air, a high flow was
required in order to efficiently remove steam and heat.
Calcination without any possibility of
steam formation could be performed in a flow of nitrogen or even in the
reactant flow at
temperatures as low as 400 °C. The effect of temperature, time
on stream, weight hour space
velocity (WHSV), and partial pressure of 1-butene on the skeletal
isomerization reaction of
1-butene was studied over the prepared ZSM-22 catalysts. ZSM-22
demonstrated high activity
in the skeletal isomerization of 1-butene at extremely high WHSV, even
at temperatures as low
as 400 °C.
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