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While eye-tracking technology is a validated tool in the field of education it is still in its infancy in the field of Pediatric Dentistry. The primary aim of this study was to determine dental undergraduates' search patterns and visual fixations while viewing panoramic radiographs (PR) using an eye-tracker. The secondary aim was to decide on the potential opportunities to enhance teachinglearning strategies when studying these radiographs. Methods: Sixty-five dental undergraduates in the final year of their dental education consented to and participated in this study. A Tobii Pro Nano screen-based eye-tracking camera was mounted to the lower edge of a laptop with five different PR uploaded onto the Tobii Studio software. Regions of Interest (ROIs) were predetermined for the five PR. The participants (17 males and 48 females) viewed all the PR images with no time restrictions and a "think-aloud" protocol was exercised. Results:The average view time for the PR was 245.58 ± 106.7 s. Participants spent significantly less time examining the surrounding structures (14.85 s) thanThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

Background/Aim: To investigate the susceptibility of Cusp of Carabelli (CoC) to caries in 3-to 4-year-old children. Methods: The prevalence of CoC was obtained, by two calibrated examiners using 2128 maxillary posterior sectional die models of 1064 caries-free children (that were prepared 8 months back). Four months after recording the CoC, prospective clinical examination of above-mentioned children was carried out by a calibrated third examiner. International Caries Detection and Assessment System was used to record caries of the mesiopalatal surfaces (site of CoC) of the primary maxillary second molars. Data were expressed in numbers and percentages and subjected to chi-square and logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of CoC was 90.6%. The incidence of caries in association with CoC was 10.5%, and this association was statistically significant (0.004), with an odds ratio of 4.7. A statistically significant association was found between positive and negative expression of CoC and caries (0.001), with an odds ratio of 7.7 in positive expression and 4.1 in negative expression. Conclusion: The prevalence of CoC was high, with an increased risk for caries with a positive cusp expression. This highlights the need for closer assessment of the mesiopalatal surfaces of primary maxillary second molars during examination.

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