The objective of this project was to compile estimates of yield loss in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] to diseases in the top eight soybean-producing countries in 2006. The purpose was to provide information needed by local and world agencies to allocate funds for research and to help scientists focus and coordinate research efforts. Methods used by plant pathologists to estimate yield loss to diseases in these countries included systematic field surveys, cultivar trials, diagnostic clinic records, personal observations, and questionnaires sent to crop consultants and extension staff. The 2006 harvest of soybeans in the top eight soybean-producing countries was reduced an estimated 59.9 million metric tonnes (t) by diseases according to results of the current study. Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, reduced yield in all these countries except Canada in 2006, and the total was more than any other. Next in decreasing order of total yield loss were soybean cyst nematode, brown spot, seedling diseases, anthracnose, and charcoal rot. Accepted for publication 27 October 2009. Published 25 January 2010.

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a infl uência do número de gotas na penetração dos fungicidas e na sua efi cácia ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the infl uence of the number of drops in the penetration of fungicides and their effectiveness in control at different times of application.The experimental design was randomized blocks in split split plots, totalizing 20 treatments in four replications, consisting of two wheat cultivars ('Fundacep Cristalino' and 'Fundacep Nova Era'); three spray nozzles (XR 11002, TJ 60-11002 and TX 8002)