Tear production was evaluated in 39 horses and 29 ponies using Schirmer tear test strips to determine whether diurnal or weekly fluctuations occur, whether location of strip placement has an effect, if values are the same for both eyes in an animal and whether sex, age, stabling vs. pasture and winter vs. summer had an effect. There was no test in which the raw score was less than 10 mm, although there were many occasions where tear wetting exceeded 35 mm. Analysis of the raw (continuous) scores by linear regression provided no evidence that signalment, housing or season or location of strip placement affected results. The distribution of tear test scores for a 'population' of eyes did not differ when the right eye was compared with the left eye or when the same eye was compared at different times on the same day. Individual test wetting values for opposing eyes measured at the same time, and also wetting values for the same eye measured at different times on the same day sometimes differed substantially. In winter maximum tear wetting exceeded 35 mm more frequently in the STT I than in the STT II even in housed horses and ponies, but there was no consistent significant difference. There appears to be wide variability in the STT I in normal horses and ponies.

The purpose of this research is show the application of diabetes educational videos and the impact of them in Diabetes Attitudes, analyzing the results of the modified Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire ( ATT-19) before and after the videos. The ATT-19 is a questionnaire based on the measurement of psychological adjustment for diabetes (DM), developed in response to the needs of evaluation of psychological and emotional aspects about the disease. Consists of 19 items that include six factors: stress associated with DM, receptivity to treatment, confidence in treatment, personal effectiveness, health perception and social acceptance. It was a transversal study, with active intervention during The World Diabetes Day of The International Diabetes Federation that occurred at one Brazilian Military Hospital. They were outpatient and participated without identification. To be eligible, patients had to be diabetic and accept to participate watching the videos and answered the two questionnaires. The videos were a construction of the Service and showed to the patients three own made videos of almost two minutes each: Video of the Glycemic Control using the Glucometers with capillary blood finger sample and explaining how easy and safe it is; Video of the Glycemic Control using the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System instead of a routine finger stick; Video of the insulin injection with different pens. The videos were shown personally to each patient by the health professional, using smart cell phones and by televisions when they finished the two questionnaires to fix more the messages to home. They receive too the link of the videos to access them whatever they want and were challenged to show the videos to anybody that they imagine. All patients were able to demonstrate their ability to use a mobile phone and were with good vision. The patients with difficulty to write received help of the Health Professional that assisted them. The study enrolled 31 diabetic participants, 18 women and 13 men, ages between 47 and 80 years. Were excluded 05 patients that did not answer the two questionnaires or not complete them. Analyzing by Test T student the results suggest positive psychological influence of the application of the videos in questions 1 ( p =0, 08), 2 ( p =0, 09) and statistical significance in 13 ( p =0, 05), appointing reduction of stress associated with diabetes and improvement in personal effectiveness. The majority of the patients (88%) after the videos admitted that they achieved new knowledge about diabetes and liked the intervention used to teach and help them. The intervention seems to be a very good tool to diabetes educators as an adjunct to usual diabetes care . The diabetics who have seen the videos improved their Diabetes Attitudes, this probably will reflect in their lifestyle, adherence and future glycemic control. More studies with great number of patients are necessary to confirm it.