This paper presents an overview of the biology of woodwasp Sirex noctilio and of the classical entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Beddingia siricidicola and discusses application procedures (including plantation and tree inoculations) of EPNs, effect of choice of species and strain, the deterioration of strains and their replacement, nematode reisolation from the area of original release, storage in liquid nitrogen, culturing nematodes (establishment of cultures, mass culture and dispatch), monitoring and efficacy.
Infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis shed the enclosing L2 cuticle in the presence of an insect host and expose a large, anterior, terminal tooth which is used to scrape at and rupture the host's cuticle. This may enable easier entry into some insects that are less vulnerable to Neoaplectana species which do not have a terminal tooth.
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