The effects of ultrasonic milling, dry and wet ball milling, and vibro‐milling on the particulate properties, crystalline characteristics, morphology, and surface area of clinoptilolite (Cpt) have been investigated. Laser beam scattering technique, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption at 77 K are used to characterize the initial and ground Cpt powders. Results show that Cpt particle size is significantly reduced by all carried out milling methods in which vibro‐milling could produce particles with diameter less than 100 nm. The size distribution of Cpt is remarkably narrowed by using vibro‐ and wet ball milling. The crystallinity of Cpt noticeably decreases for the samples obtained by ball milling while vibro‐ and ultrasonic millings show a negligible effect on crystallinity. The specific surface area of Cpt is enhanced by all four milling methods.
Ordered mesoporous carbon materials using MCF silica as hard template (OMC(MCF)) were synthesized. The synthesized OMC(MCF) materials were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, TEM, BET. The results revealed that the surface area, pore volume and pore size of OMC (MCF) were of 1,073 m2 /g, 1.35 cm3 /g and 5.7 nm, respectively. The dye adsorption experiments were carried out through a batch test to evaluate synthesized OMC(MCF) materials. Methylene blue (MB- cationic dye), phenol red (PR - anionic dye) and direct blue 71 dyes (DB71- anionic dye) were chosen as adsorbates. Negatively charged surfaces OMC(MCF) materials have better adsorption capacity for positively charged methylene blue than that of negatively charged direct blue 71 and phenol red. OMC(MCF) materials could be used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of positive charged organic dyes.
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