In recent years, there have been rapid advances in the synthesis of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) for use in solar cells, light emitting diodes, lasers, and photodetectors. These compounds have a set of intriguing optical, excitonic, and charge transport properties, including outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and tunable optical band gap. However, the necessary inclusion of lead, a toxic element, raises a critical concern for future commercial development. To address the toxicity issue, intense recent research effort has been devoted to developing lead‐free halide perovskite (LFHP) NCs. In this Review, we present a comprehensive overview of currently explored LFHP NCs with an emphasis on their crystal structures, synthesis, optical properties, and environmental stabilities (e.g., UV, heat, and moisture resistance). In addition, strategies for enhancing optical properties and stabilities of LFHP NCs as well as the state‐of‐the‐art applications are discussed. With the perspective of their properties and current challenges, we provide an outlook for future directions in this rapidly evolving field to achieve high‐quality LFHP NCs for a broader range of fundamental research and practical applications.
Flexible hybrid caprolactam-casein/ZnO nanocomposite (CCZ) was prepared by in-situ polymerization method. The micro morphology and structure were characterized using DLS, TEM, SEM and FT-IR. The influence of ZnO dosage on the appearance, hand feeling, mechanical property as well as antibacterial activity of as-prepared composite films was explored separately. TEM measurements revealed that ZnO NPs were trapped in the inner layer by casein micelles. SEM indicated that part of ZnO was deposited on both surface and inside of CCZ film in film-forming process. Moreover, the films displayed expected mechanical properties and excellent antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This work provided a feasible pathway for fabricating natural polymer-based nanocomposite antibacterial coating which will has great potential use in several fields, such as textile, leather, packaging, paper making and indoor wall coating.
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