Tetrad test is theoretically more powerful than triangle test. However, in the presence of sensory fatigue-caused foods, the advantage of the tetrad test is lost. In case of alcohol beverage containing 50%abv, triangle test is recommended as a standard protocol because the sensory fatigue caused by ethanol is great enough that leads tetrad test be less powerful than triangle test. In this study, the association between alcohol concentration and power of tetrad as well as triangle was established in cases of alcoholic beverages lower than 50%abv. Based on this result, the alcohol concentration at which the tetrad test is more powerful than triangle test was determined. The power comparisons between triangle test and tetrad test were extended to some alcohol beverages containing 40 and 30%abv. 240 panelists were divided into 8 panels. In each session, both triangle test and tetrad test were performed by a same panel (N = 30) on the samples made from the same alcohol beverage basic with and without citric acid. There were four sessions for each product that corresponded with four increasingly levels of added citric acid (2.192, 3.1, 4.384, 6.2g/L). By applying logistic regression, the power comparison between two tests was based on the correct response proportions (Pc) which were predicted from two variables: acid concentration and protocol. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that there was 84% chance and 38% chance for the tetrad’s Pc to be higher than triangle’s Pc in case of beverage containing 30 and 40%abv, respectively. The results shown that increase alcohol concentration will reduce the power of both triangle and tetrad tests. It was noteworthy that tetrad test was affected more strongly by alcohol than triangle test. These findings suggest that the triangle test can be used as a suitable testing methodology for alcoholic beverages which alcohol concentration is not lower than 40%abv. In case of beverage containing 30%abv, triangle test should be replaced by tetrad test due to the increased reliability of information.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of thalassemia carrier, genotype and hematological parameters among children bearing the thalassemia gene in Tuyen Quang. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted from January to March 2017. 505 ethnic minority children in 6 districts and Tuyen Quang City, Tuyen Quang province were registered voluntarily by the family in the study. MCV index <80fL combined with the DCIP test were used for screening thalassemia and HbE. Hemoglobin electrophoresis and DNA analysis of mutations in the globin alpha gene was performed for all cases positive with screening tests. Results: The prevalence of thalassemia common for ethnic minority children in Tuyen Quang was 28,1%. Four types of single-gene mutations in the alpha globin gene were identified, following types --SEA, -α3.7; -αCS; -α4.2. Conclusion: The general prevalence of thalassemia gene among the Tay and Dao children in Tuyen Quang is 28.1%. Six phenotypic groups carrying thalassemia gene were detected with 10 mutant genotypes. Mutation - SEA accounts for the highest proportion of single allele mutations (72.09%). Keywords: Thalassemia carrier, children, ethnic Tay, ethnic Dao, Tuyen Quang
With an increasing demand for distributed systems storing big data, locally repairable codes (LRCs) have attracted attentions to recover lost data on failure nodes. An (r, t)-LRC has the property that each coordinate of codewords can be recovered from at most r other coordinates (repair set), and there are at least t disjoint repair sets for each coordinate, where r and t are called locality and availability, respectively. Wang, Zhang, and Lin recently have proposed a construction method of cyclic (r, t)-LRCs that can have high availability with a guaranteed lower bound on the minimum distance. However, due to the lack of flexibility in code design, it is impossible to modify code parameters while keeping the code performance. This letter presents a generalized construction of cyclic (r, t)-LRCs based on the trace function whose high-degree terms are truncated. It is shown that the proposed construction preserves the symbol-repairing performance and therefore provides better flexibility in code design.
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