An upgrade of the Near Detector of the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment, ND280, has been proposed. This upgrade will include two new Time Projection Chambers, each equipped with 16 resistive MicroMegas modules for gas amplification. A first prototype of resistive MicroMegas has been designed, built, installed in the HARP field cage, and exposed to a beam of charged particles at CERN. The data have been used to characterize the perforamces of the resistive MicroMegas module. A spatial resolution of 300 µm and a deposited energy resolution of 9% were observed for horizontal electrons crossing the TPCs at 30 cm from the anode. Such performances fully satisfy the requirements for the upgrade of the ND280 TPC.

Several countries have established a number of increased targets for energy production from renewable sources. Biogas production, which will play a key role in future energy systems largely based on renewable sources, is expected to grow significantly in the next few decades. To achieve these ambitious targets, the biogas production chain has to be optimised to obtain economic viability and environmental sustainability while making use of a diversified range of feedstock materials, including agricultural residues, agro-industrial residues and, to some extent, dedicated energy crops. In this study, we integrated energetic, GHG and economic analysis to optimise biogas production from the co-digestion of pig slurry (PS) and sugar beet pulp silage (SB). We found that utilising SB as a co-substrate improves the energy and GHG balances, mostly because of increased energy production. However, utilising SB negatively affects the profitability of biogas production, because of the increased costs involved in feedstock supply. The scale of the processing plant is neutral in terms of profitability when SB is added. The results indicate that medium-to large-sized biogas plants, using low shares of SB co-substrate, may be the preferred solution.

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