o
-Phenylenediamine (OPD) can be readily oxidized
by several types of oxidants to generate fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine
(oxidized OPD, OPDox). The unique fluorescence response process during
the oxidation of OPD provides an important model for the design of
novel sensors. In recent years, a series of fluorescent and colorimetric
sensors have been developed based on the oxidation of OPD. In this
review, fluorescent and colorimetric sensors for the detection of
metal ions and small organic molecules are discussed. These sensing
processes exhibit distinguishable and prominent fluorescent and colorimetric
responses. The sensing systems include autocatalytic reactions and
using nanomaterials, carbon dots, or fluorophore labeled DNA as reference
fluorophore for fluorescent and colorimetric detection.
Nitroarenes are easily synthesized, highly versatile and common aromatic building blocks in organic synthesis. Recently, transition metal-catalyzed denitration-coupling of nitroarenes has attracted extensive attention. The recent advances in denitration-coupling of nitroarenes for the formation of C-X (C) bonds under transition metal-catalysis conditions are summarized.
o-Phenylenediamine as a new fluorescent probe is designed for detecting Ce(IV) ions. The mechanism of detection relies on the oxidative activity of Ce(IV) ions, which can promote the oxidative cyclization of o-Phenylenediamine leading to the formation of fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine and giving a more than 150-fold fluorescence enhancement. Furthermore, the o-Phenylenediamine fluorescent probe was effectively used for the detection of Ce(IV) ions in river water, tap water, rainwater, and lateritic soil from Ganzhou.
We have developed a novel big danger disposal manipulator, "BIG HAND", together with crawler type mobile platform, and have reported the basic design in related field before. In this paper, we first describe the entire system implementation, and then discuss the requirement for EOD task also the control algorithms for such task in the later chapters. The "BIG HAND" is developed mainly for rescue and public security purpose, and is scheduled to be applied into public sites such as airports, stations, and so on. The manipulator has 7 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) including 1 DOF in gripper, well the crawler type mobile platform employed 2 DOFs general structure and equipped powerful combustion engine supplying long time energy to the whole system. The verified performance for the EOD task is about 4.4m maximum reach, 32kg payload in horizontal extension posture; automatic detection, scanning, grasping, and danger disposal routines.
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