A B S T R A C T PurposeTo examine posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSD/PTSS) in children with cancer using methods that minimize focusing effects and allow for direct comparison to peers without a history of cancer. Patients and MethodsChildren with cancer (n ϭ 255) stratified by time since diagnosis, and demographically matched peers (n ϭ 101) were assessed for PTSD using structured diagnostic interviews by both child and parent reports, and survey measures of PTSS and psychological benefit/growth by child report. ResultsCancer was identified as a traumatic event by 52.6% of children with cancer, declining to 23.8% in those Ն 5 years from diagnosis. By diagnostic interview, 0.4% of children with cancer met criteria for current PTSD, and 2.8% met lifetime criteria by self-report. By parent report, 1.6% of children with cancer met current criteria and 5.9% met lifetime criteria for PTSD. These rates did not differ from controls (all Ps Ͼ.1). PTSS levels were descriptively lower in children with cancer but did not differ from controls when all were referring to their most traumatic event (P ϭ .067). However, when referring specifically to cancer-related events, PTSS in the cancer group were significantly lower than in controls (P ϭ .002). In contrast, perceived growth was significantly higher in the cancer group when referring to cancer (P Ͻ .001). ConclusionThese findings suggest no evidence of increased PTSD or PTSS in youths with cancer. Although childhood cancer remains a significant and challenging event, these findings highlight the capacity of children to adjust, and even thrive, in the face of such challenge.

This study moves from "work-family" to a multi-dimensional "life-course fit" construct (employees' cognitive assessments of resources, resource deficits, and resource demands), using a combined work-family, demands-control and ecology of the life course framing. It examined (1) impacts of job and home ecological systems on fit dimensions, and (2) whether control over work time predicted and mediated life-course fit outcomes. Using cluster analysis of survey data on a sample of 917 whitecollar employees from Best Buy headquarters, we identified four job ecologies (corresponding to the job demands-job control model) and five home ecologies (theorizing an analogous home demandshome control model). Job and home ecologies predicted fit dimensions in an additive, not interactive, fashion. Employees' work-time control predicted every life-course fit dimension and partially mediated effects of job ecologies, organizational tenure, and job category.

The overall goal of our paper is to understand the impact that irrigation in China has had on grain production and incomes, in general, and income and poverty alleviation in poor areas, in particular. The paper seeks to meet three objectives. First, we describe the relationship among irrigation status, yields and household crop revenue. Second, we seek to understand the magnitude and nature of the effect that irrigation has on yields and crop revenue. Finally, we seek to understand the impact that irrigation has on incomes in poor areas. Our analysis shows that irrigation contributes to increases in yields for almost all crops and in income for farmers in all areas. The importance of crop income in poor areas and the strong relationship between crop revenue and irrigation provides evidence of the importance of irrigation in past and future poverty alleviation in China. We also show that in the majority of the villages that invested in new irrigation, returns are positive even after accounting for increases in capital and production costs.

Parents of children with cancer demonstrate resilience to this challenge.