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We present an updated checklist of the Diaptomidae of China, based on a literature review and on original field data from all over China during 2012-2016. A total of 19 genera and 56 species have been recorded. Neutrodiaptomus has the highest species richness (10 species), followed by Arctodiaptomus (9 species). Only one species each of Eudiaptomus, Mixodiaptomus, Eodiaptomus, Dentodiaptomus, Dolodiaptomus, Allodiaptomus, Karstodiaptomus, Metadiaptomus and Paradiaptomus was found. The taxonomic status of 16 species was revised: one wrongly attributed genus, Argyrodiaptomus, was corrected to Sinodiaptomus. First records for China include Arctodiaptomus parvispineus and one new cave-dwelling genus, Karstodiaptomus, is added. One Latin name from Shen & Sung’s book (1979) is corrected. Remarks on nomenclature and taxonomic issues are supplemented with information on the geographical distribution of the various species within China.

Difflugia tuberspinifera, a testate amoeba found in the open water plankton of Liuxi He and other south Chinese reservoirs during summer, is one of six or more species that occasionally live a pelagic life. Here, we suggest that its incentive to leave the bottom might be the abundance of food in the water column rather than temperature. This Difflugia (and perhaps the other pelagic species as well) is indeed an actively hunting carnivore that catches small rotifers and other prey in the same size range. In Liuxi He, it readily feeds on Collotheca cf. mutabilis, which it catches and consumes with remarkable agility: it first inspects the jelly tube that protects the prey, then moves to the bottom of it, perforates the jelly near the prey's foot, and finally ingests the rotifer foot-first.

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The zooplankton of 18 reservoirs of South China was investigated in 2000. 61 Rotifera species, 23 Cladoceras and 14 Copepodas were identified. The most frequent Rotifera genera were Keratella, Brachionus, Trichocerca, Diurella, Ascomorpha, Polyarthra, Ploesoma, Asplanchna, Pompholyx and Conochilus. Bosmina longirostris, Bosminopsis deitersi, Diaphanosoma birgei, D. brachyurum and Moina micrura were typical of Cladocera in the reservoirs. Phyllodiaptomus tunguidus, Neodiaptomus schmackeri and Mesocyclops leuckarti were the most frequent Copepoda and M. leuckarti dominated Copepoda in most reservoirs. High zooplankton species richness with low abundance was characteristic of the throughflowing reservoir, whereas low species richness with low abundance was found in the reservoir with the longest retention time. Relative high abundance and medium species diversity were the distinction of intermediate retention time reservoirs. IntroductionReservoirs, as man-made lakes, occupy an intermediate position between rivers and natural lakes by combining numerous features of rivers and lakes (KIMMEL et al., 1990). Natural lakes are rich in zooplankton, however, if a zooplankton population survives in a river or stream, it must reproduce at a rate equal to or greater than its displacement downstream by the current (MARZOLF, 1990). When rivers are dammed, the flow is temporarily halted in the impoundment and new lentic habitats are established. Zooplankton rapidly colonize these habits and can reproduce at a rate high enough to maintain the populations. However, reservoirs often undergo rapid and extensive fluctuations in flow velocities and water levels. The retention time of water in reservoirs is variable and is likely to influence the fate of zooplankton (MARZOLF, 1990). Reservoirs are sufficiently distinct in their basic characteristics to offer novel ways of investigating the adaptations of aquatic organisms.Unlikely in the North Temperate Zone where zooplankton have been studied intensively over a long time, species composition in tropical zooplankton is far less investigated. Moreover, most of the knowledge comes from detailed studies concentrating on relatively few sites (Lakes Chad, George, Lanao, Valencia, Gatun, Castanho and several other African, South American, Australian and South East Asian lakes and reservoirs) as referred by NILSSEN (1984), HAWKINS (1988), DUNCAN (1984), b), ARCIFA (1984 and ARCIFA et al. (1992). In South China (Guangdong Province), where natural lakes are scarce (only 13 km 2 ), a great amount of reservoirs were constructed during 1950 -1980. This contribution aims to investigate characteristics of zooplankton distribution in the reservoirs of Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 88 2003 6 602-613

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