The
LiFePO4 nanoplates/C composite was synthesized by
a low-temperature precipitation approach around 106 °C. X-ray
powder diffraction refinement revealed a smaller crystallographic
cell volume of this composite compared to stoichiometric LiFePO4, implying the presence of Li vacancies. Moreover, Mössbauer
analysis evidenced Fe3+ with content as large as 26 at.
%, which was related to amorphous ferric phase (LiFePO4(OH)) in the composite. A short low-temperature annealing under reducing
condition can convert this amorphous phase to crystalline LiFePO4. This achieves significant improvement in the electrochemical
performance of the LiFePO4/C composite with reversible
discharge capacity of 142 mAh g–1 at C/20 and 82
mAh g–1 at 2 C, which are much higher than 105 and
49 mAh g–1 of the bare LiFePO4 at the
same current rates, respectively.
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