No abstract

We measured the maximum aggregation rate (MAR) of platelets in 770 patients with malignant head and neck tumors, 55 patients with benign tumors of the head and neck, and 164 healthy people as a control group. The results were as follows: 1. the mean MAR value of patients with malignant tumors was significantly higher than the control group mean value; 2. prior to treatment, the mean MAR value increased with advancing tumor stage; 3. both MAR values of relapsed or metastasized patients and of nonsurvivors in stage III and IV increased significantly compared with survivors or patients recovering from malignant tumors. The results of the present study suggest that MAR values of patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck may serve as indicators in evaluating therapeutic procedures and prognosis.

The effects of two pilot injections on combustion and emissions were evaluated in a single−cylinder turbocharged diesel engine, which operated in premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) modes with multiple injections and heavy exhaust gas recirculation under the low load by experiments and simulation. It was revealed that with the delay of the start of the first pilot injection (SOI−P1) or the advance of the start of second pilot injection (SOI−P2), respectively, the pressure, heat release rate (HRR), and temperature peak were all increased. Analysis of the combustion process indicates that, during the two pilot injection periods, the ignition timing was mainly determined by the SOI−P2 while the first released heat peak was influenced by SOI−P1. With the delay of SOI−P1 or the advance of SOI−P2, nitrogen oxide (NOx) generation increased significantly while soot generation varied a little. In addition, increasing Q1 and decreasing the second pilot injection quantity (Q2) can manipulate the NOx and soot at a low level. The advance in SOI−P2 of 5 °CA couple with increasing Q1 and reducing Q2 was proposed, which can mitigate the compromise between emissions and thermal efficiency under the low load in the present PCCI mode.

No abstract