Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)) hydrogels are synthesized by irradiating the aqueous solutions of NIPAAm and NIPAAm/AAc with 60Co gamma-ray. The effects of pH on the swelling ratio and on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) are studied by determining the dependence of swelling ratio on temperature in different pH butter solutions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is applied in determination of the LCST of the hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry is used in the comparison of hydrogels swelled in various pH conditions. As a result, PNIPAAm was found to be a pH-sensitive hydrogel and the LCST of the PNIPAAm and P(NIPAAm-co-AAc) hydrogels are influenced by pH.

Purpose Fashion subscription service is a newly emerged retailing model that provides an innovative way of shopping to meet consumers’ fashion needs. From the perspective of innovation adoption, the purpose of this paper is to provide an insight of consumers’ perceptions as well as adoption intention of this innovative retailing format. Design/methodology/approach This research is qualitative in nature, utilizing focus group study approach. In this paper, content analysis was applied to analyze the data. Findings While possessing varying degrees of knowledge about fashion subscription retailing, the participants shared the following perceptions of relative advantages, including convenience, personalization, consumer excitement, opportunities to try new styles, and opportunity to better manage their apparel budget. Concerns mainly focused on missing social shopping experiences and the hassle in the cancellation process. The overall adoption intention was high. Research limitations/implications Due to the nature of this research, the sample size was limited and results may not be generalized. This research paid less attention to individual differences, in terms of demographic and psychographic characteristics. Practical implications Future marketing could focus more on educating consumers about the attributes of the services they provide. Retailers can strategically leverage the positively perceived advantages in their marketing communications to enhance consumers’ adoption intention of their services. Originality/value The paper fills a gap in the literature on consumer behavior toward fashion subscription retailing and sheds light for companies in their endeavors to excel in this new retailing venue.

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