Large-area noncurling crystallized free-standing TiO 2 nanotube (TNT) arrays have been fabricated by a twostep anodization process. These free-standing crystallized TNT arrays can be easily transferred to fluorinedoped tin oxide glass substrates without any crack. Furthermore, the investigation of these crystallized freestanding TNT arrays in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was carried out and showed a roughly 100% enhanced conversion efficiency compared with that of the TNT array on a Ti substrate.

We present a two-step electrochemical deposition process to produce hierarchical ZnO nanostructures that involves the electrodeposition of ZnO crystals with different morphologies, followed by the electrochemical epitaxial growth of oriented nanorods on the surfaces of the primary ZnO nanostructures. A variety of hierarchical ZnO nanostructures, including 2-fold nanorod arrays on nanosheets, 6-fold nanorods on nanorods, and 6-fold nanoneedles on nanoneedles, were synthesized on a large scale. The hierarchical nanostructures obtained by this technique are pure and uniform in morphology. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the hierarchical ZnO nanostructure of nanorods on nanosheets provides a good candidate for photoanodes in dye-sensitized solar cells.

A novel type of titanium precursor, ammonium-exchanged titanate nanowires, is used to hydrothermally synthesize nanosized TiO 2 single crystals with well-defined facets. With additives of appropriate shape-capping reagents, octahedral, truncated octahedral, and spindle-like TiO 2 nanocrystals have been obtained. We proposed that the transformation mechanism from ammonium-exchanged titanate nanowires to TiO 2 may be a "dissolution-nucleation" process. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities of anatase TiO 2 nanocrystals with different facets exposed have been investigated.

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A facile and green method was employed to prepare large-scale free-standing TiO(2) nanotube (TNT) arrays, in which as-anodized TiO(2) nanotube films prepared in organic electrolytes with thickness ranging from seven to tens of micrometers were then ultrasonicated in a mix solution of ethanol and water. By controlling the ratio of ethanol to water, the time and the power of ultrasonication, large-scale free-standing TiO(2) nanotube arrays without any crack could be detached from the Ti substrates. Hydrogen sensing results demonstrated that the free-standing TNT film is more sensitive than a film with Ti substrates when exposed to 1000 ppm hydrogen ambient.

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Background and Objective: Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication after arterial resection of rectal cancer. It has been found that anastomotic leakage is related to the oncological outcome. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the long-term outcome of the rectal tumor after anastomotic leakage. Methods:The effect of anastomotic leakage on the oncological outcome of rectal cancer was studied by electronic literature retrieval. Using the DerSimonian Laird random effect model to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.Research heterogeneity was evaluated by Q statistics and I 2 , and bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Begg's test.Results: A total of 35 studies and 44 698 patients were included in the study.The studies have shown that anastomotic leakage is associated with local recurrence (OR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.57-2.38; P < .0001), overall survival (OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.37-1.95; P < .00001), disease-free survival (OR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.50-2.87; P < .00001) and cancer-specific survival (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.70; P = .012), while it was not related to distant recurrence (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 0.95-1.65; P = .12). Conclusions:The results showed that anastomotic leakage after anterior resection increased the risk of local recurrence, decreased the overall survival, cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival. K E Y W O R D S anastomotic leakage, oncologic outcome, rectal cancer 1 | INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer has become the second reason of cancer-relative death, and the morbidity of colorectal cancer is increasing every year. 1 Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the serious surgical complication after anterior resection. 2,3There is been reported that the incidence of anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery is 3% to 21%. 4-11 It led a series complications and mortality, increased cost and time inpatient, even need to operate to the stoma. 12 In addition, it has been reported that anastomotic leakage is relative to poor oncologic outcomes such as local recurrence, decreased overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival. However, Anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer is still controversial for the long-term oncological outcome. Some research show that it is no significant correlation between anastomotic leakage and long-term oncological outcome. Four previous meta-analyses reported the oncological outcome of anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer surgery. [63][64][65][66] Two of these studies did not separate data from colorectal cancer completely. The other two studies analyzed patients who received rectal anterior resection alone. However, one meta-analysis of rectal anterior resection failed to analyze the influence of anastomotic leakage on the OS and disease-free survival (DFS). Another meta-analysis did not analyze the effect of anastomotic leakage on distant metastasis and DFS. Therefore, we conducted a current meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive and up to date long-term outcome analysis of anastomotic leakage after rectal surgery. 1...

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