Secure authentication frequently depends on the correct recognition of a user's public key. When there is no certificate authority, this key is obtained from other users. If such users can be malicious, trusting the key information they provide is risky. Previous work has suggested the use of redundancy to improve the trustworthiness of userprovided key information. In this paper, we build on this work and address two issues not previously considered. First, we explain and solve the problems presented by users who falsely claim multiple identities, or who (possibly legitimately) possess multiple keys. Secondly, we show that conflicting certificate information can be exploited to increase the reliability of the key information provided by users. Our methods are demonstrated on actual and synthetically-generated webs of trust (PGP keyrings) and their performance is discussed.
Abstract-A traffic states detection method is proposed to represent the road traffic conditions accurately and reduce labor intensive monitoring work in this paper. The edge of image, which is named as edge characteristic, is applied to describe the number of vehicles running on the road, and the average density of vehicle edge pixels is used to substitute the road occupation ratio. Meanwhile block matching method is used for estimating the speed of traffic flow. According the extracted feature parameters, a classifier is designed to classify the traffic states in three categories (congested, slow, and smooth). The experimental results showed the proposed algorithm is robust.
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