Polyimide is a class of resins with high heat resistance, and their composites have a wide range of applications in military and civilian. However, the application of polyimides as an ablation and thermal insulation material has always been a challenge due to their low char yield during ablation in the air. Herein, we described the first application of polyimide composites—albite/glass powder doped polyimide hybrid materials - as an ablation and thermal insulation material. The key to the success of this case is that the process of the ceramization of albite/glass powder can greatly reduce the carbon loss of polyimide during the ablation process in the air. Moreover, the mechanical properties, thermal stability, ablation and thermal insulation properties of these polyimide hybrid materials have been studied systematically. This work not only opens up a new application for polyimide, but also provides a new idea for the design of novel ablation and thermal insulation material.
The acetylene‐terminated polyisoimide oligomers introducing 2,2′‐bis (trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB) or 3,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (3,4′‐ODA) as the diamine were synthesized, and short quartz fiber reinforced polyisoimide composites were prepared. The structure, processability, and thermal properties of polyisoimide oligomers were characterized. The mechanical properties and ablation protection performances of the composites were tested. The effects of TFMB on the processability and thermal properties of polyisoimides were studied. The application properties of short quartz fiber reinforced polyisoimide composites as thermal protection materials were evaluated by coal gas/oxygen ablation test system. These results showed that the introduction of TFMB into the polyisoimide structure can improve its solubility and heat resistance, as well as the ablation protection performances of the composites. The above results showed its potential application in the field of thermal protection materials. This makes it possible for polyisoimide composites to be used in the field of ablation protection.
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