Sequence-based prediction of protein secondary structure (SS) enjoys wide-spread and increasing use for the analysis and prediction of numerous structural and functional characteristics of proteins. The lack of a recent comprehensive and large-scale comparison of the numerous prediction methods results in an often arbitrary selection of a SS predictor. To address this void, we compare and analyze 12 popular, standalone and high-throughput predictors on a large set of 1975 proteins to provide in-depth, novel and practical insights. We show that there is no universally best predictor and thus detailed comparative studies are needed to support informed selection of SS predictors for a given application. Our study shows that the three-state accuracy (Q3) and segment overlap (SOV3) of the SS prediction currently reach 82% and 81%, respectively. We demonstrate that carefully designed consensus-based predictors improve the Q3 by additional 2% and that homology modeling-based methods are significantly better by 1.5% Q3 than ab initio approaches. Our empirical analysis reveals that solvent exposed and flexible coils are predicted with a higher quality than the buried and rigid coils, while inverse is true for the strands and helices. We also show that longer helices are easier to predict, which is in contrast to longer strands that are harder to find. The current methods confuse 1-6% of strand residues with helical residues and vice versa and they perform poorly for residues in the β- bridge and 3(10)-helix conformations. Finally, we compare predictions of the standalone implementations of four well-performing methods with their corresponding web servers.
Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the effects of preoperative treatment with a loading dose of statinscombined with a PCSK9 inhibitor on coronary blood perfusion and short-term cardiovascular adverse events in patientswith ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Method: Sixty-five patients with STEMI who had visited the Shanxi Cardiovascular Disease Hospital between May2018 and May 2021 were enrolled in the study. The enrolled patients had no history of oral statins or antiplatelet therapy.The patients were divided into a combined treatment group (loading dose of statins combined with PCSK9 inhibitors, 35patients) and a routine treatment group (loading dose of statins only, 30 patients). The primary endpoints were thrombolysisin myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow grading, corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC), and TIMI myocardial perfusiongrading (TMPG), immediately after and 30 days after the operation. The secondary endpoint was a composite endpoint ofcardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization 30 days after the operation.Results: The combined treatment group had significantly lower CTFC (14.09 ± 8.42 vs 26 ± 12.42, P = 0.04) and betterTMPG (2.74 ± 0.61 vs 2.5 ± 0.73, P = 0.04) than the routine treatment group immediately after the operation. Similarly,the combined treatment group had a significantly lower CTFC (16.29 ± 7.39 vs 26.23 ± 11.53, P = 0.04) and significantlybetter TMPG (2.94 ± 0.24 vs 2.76 ± 0.43, P = 0.01) than the routine treatment group 1 month after the operation.Conclusion: Preoperative treatment with a loading dose of high-intensity statins combined with PCSK9 inhibitorsincreased coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion after emergency thrombus aspiration in patients withSTEMI. However, the treatment did not significantly decrease the incidence of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardialinfarction, or target vessel revascularization.
In recent years, as a class of advanced additive manufacturing (AM) technology, photocurable 3D printing has gained increasing attention. Based on its outstanding printing efficiency and molding accuracy, it is employed in various fields, such as industrial manufacturing, biomedical, soft robotics, electronic sensors. Photocurable 3D printing is a molding technology based on the principle of area‐selective curing of photopolymerization reaction. At present, the main printing material suitable for this technology is the photosensitive resin, a composite mixture consisting of a photosensitive prepolymer, reactive monomer, photoinitiator, and other additives. As the technique research deepens and its application gets more developed, the design of printing materials suitable for different applications is becoming the hotspot. Specifically, these materials not only can be photocured but also have excellent properties, such as elasticity, tear resistance, fatigue resistance. Photosensitive polyurethanes can endow photocured resin with desirable performance due to their unique molecular structure including the inherent alternating soft and hard segments, and microphase separation. For this reason, this review summarizes and comments on the research and application progress of photocurable 3D printing of photosensitive polyurethanes, analyzing the advantages and shortcomings of this technology, also offering an outlook on this rapid development direction.
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