Purpose -To set up a protocol for electronic thesis and dissertation (ETD) submission for the electronic thesis initiative pilot project at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. Design/methodology/approach -An electronic thesis and dissertation submission protocol was implemented and tested. To test authoring tools, we had 50 students submit their theses or dissertations using one of four style sheets. Word-processed files were converted to PDF and XML formats. The pilot project team evaluated DigiTool's effectiveness in digital conversion, capture of metadata and cataloguing, digital content harvesting, digital preservation, and integration with the student information system. Findings -All theses experienced some degree of information loss during the conversion. DigiTool is still being tested for storage, cataloguing, and dissemination capability. For full implementation, three major issues need to be addressed further: conversion; metadata; and file formats. Practical implications -Most of the issues that have arisen during the McGill pilot project will be mirrored at other academic institutions that are considering electronic thesis submission. Originality/value -This paper provides insights into the procedures that will arise as institutions go through the process of introducing electronic thesis and dissertation submission.
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is central to modern energy storage and conversion technologies for grids such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, but challenges remain due to the lack of reliable, economic, and durable electrocatalysts. Here, we develop single‐crystal conductive black titanium (Ti4O7) nanosheets (NSs) as a new precious metal carrier based on sacrificial hard templates and ultrasonic‐assisted peeling, and deposit Pt clusters on Ti4O7 NSs induced by wetness impregnation under the irradiation of visible light (VI; 650 nm). Pt/Ti4O7 NSs provide Ti3+, Pt2+, and Pt0+ continuous active sites for the ORR multielectron process, achieving synergy among them. The assistance of visible light not only makes a more uniform and smaller distribution of Pt nanoclusters, but also strengthens the charge transfer, thereby constructing a strong metal‐support interaction interface. VI−Pt/Ti4O7 NSs show superior initial oxidation potential and a mass activity of 1.61 A mg−1Pt at a E1/2=0.91 V, which is nine times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. This work provides an effective strategy for achieving high‐value applications of titanium sub‐oxides and further explores the enhanced interface in metals TinO2n‐1 by light radiation.
For discussing the shape, turning point and influencing factors of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for Chinese CO2 emissions, by using data for 1960-2009, the dynamic relationship between income, other affecting factors and CO2 emissions was studied utilizing the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag - Error Correction Model (ARDL-ECM) and boundary test methodology. The results suggest the existence of cointegration relationship among variables and presence of an inverted-U shape relationship in both short and long-run, thus supporting the EKC hypothesis. At present China has not surpassed the curve’s turning point. Energy intensity is key influencing factor for CO2 emissions. Industry structure is positively correlated with CO2 emissions. However, trade openness has little influence on it. The short-run environmental negative effect of urbanization and long-run positive effect of population density are both significant, the regression coefficient of energy consumption structure is positive in long-run but negative in short-run.
SBOT (subsidize in building-operate-transfer) as a new BOT procurement model has been adopted in the construction of urban rail transit projects in China. Rent is one of the most important variables in arranging a SBOT contract which should determined considering the dynamic uncertainty arising from the volatility of the revenue generated by the project. Considering the integrated economy and social benefits of urban rail transit project, this paper presents a rent pricing model based on real option and optimal stopping theory on urban rail transit SBOT project. It derives the investment threshold to enter a SBOT contract under certain concession period and the feasible interval for rent. Finally, an example is referred to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
This is the networked age, when people participate in various virtual communities through a platform or network of communities. Members of the communities communicate in faster and more simultaneous interactions in invisible ways. Since the importance of trust in virtual communities has been widely recognized, trust as a complex, multi-faceted, and context-dependent concept has been examined by many researchers in several disciplines. In this chapter, the authors aim to examine the definitions and characteristics of trust in the context of virtual communities and discuss terms relevant to the concept and types of trust. Relevant issues on trust and trust building in virtual communities are discussed, and future research directions are suggested for further study.
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