The herbaceous lycopsid Drepanophycus minor sp. nov. is described from the late Mid Devonian Hujiersite Formation of Xinjiang, Northwest China. The new species is characterized by minor sized, falcate microphylls, and kidney-shaped sporangia, with rhizome, K-shaped branching, and developed lateral buds. Stomatal apparatuses are observed from the axis surface of the new species. The habit and the rhizome structure of D. minor are discussed.

Salt dust in rump lake areas in arid regions has long been considered an extreme stressor for both native plants and crops. In recent years, research on the harmful effects of salt dust on native plants has been published by many scholars, but the effect on crops has been little studied. In this work, in order to determine the impact of salt dust storms on cotton, we simulated salt dust exposure of cotton leaves in Ebinur Basin in Northwest China, and measured the particle sizes and salt ions in the dust, and the photosynthesis, the structure and the cell physiological properties of the cotton leaves. (1) Analysis found that the salt ions and particle sizes in the salt dust used in the experiments were consistent with the natural salt dust and modeled the salt dust deposition on cotton leaves in this region. (2) The main salt cations on the surface and inside the cotton leaves were Na+, Ca2+, Cl- and SO4 2-, while the amounts of CO3 - and HCO3 - were low. From the analysis, we can order the quantity of the salt cations and anions ions present on the surface and inside the cotton leaves as Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+>K+ and Cl->SO4 2->HCO3 ->CO3 -, respectively. Furthermore, the five salt dust treatment groups in terms of the total salt ions on both the surface and inside the cotton leaves were A(500g.m-2)>B(400g.m-2)>C(300g.m-2)>D(200g.m-2)>E(100g.m-2)>F(0g.m-2). (3)The salt dust that landed on the surface of the cotton leaves can significantly influence the photosynthetic traits of Pn, PE, Ci, Ti, Gs, Tr, WUE, Ls, φ, Amax, k and Rady of the cotton leaves. (4)Salt dust can significantly damage the physiological functions of the cotton leaves, resulting in a decrease in leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and increasing cytoplasmic membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content by increasing the soluble sugar and proline to adjust for the loss of the cell cytosol. This increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate harmful materials, such as the intracellular reactive oxygen and MDA, thus reducing the damage caused by the salt dust and maintaining normal physiological functioning. Overall, this work found that the salt dust deposition was a problem for the crop and the salt dust could significantly influence the physiological and biochemical processes of the cotton leaves. This will eventually damage the leaves and reduce the cotton production, leading to agricultural economic loss. Therefore, attention should be paid to salt dust storms in the Ebinur Basin and efficient measures should be undertaken to protect the environment.

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In order to analyze the feasibility of integrating Sunan music into children’s music teaching through research, a knowledge-based system for children’s music teaching strategies based on case-based reasoning is proposed. The system can collect sufficient data and information, the exact orientation of piano learning, and the exact choice of teaching modes by questionnaires. Research data show that the vast majority of children like music teaching, and they like 76% more than they do not like, and more parents who express an indifferent attitude to music are 84% more than those who feel important. This experimental study shows that most teachers hold a positive attitude toward the development and use of folk music education resources in kindergartens, and parents do not have enough knowledge about folk music. The infiltration of excellent local culture in children’s music activities can improve students’ cultural literacy, let the new generation understand the tradition and the classics, and let children understand the local culture of southern Jiangsu and inherit the excellent culture of the Chinese nation through the understanding, feeling, and understanding of the local culture of southern Jiangsu. This is the new idea of local cultural heritage in southern Jiangsu and also the responsibility of kindergarten education.

A knowledge model for knowledge base system in the Web environment is proposed, which includes problem description layer and knowledge layer. A knowledge base is made up of a set of knowledge models. Knowledge models are used to support knowledge representation and reasoning. Visual knowledge modeling tool and visual knowledge service tool based on Web environment realize the construction of knowledge base system in Web environment. The knowledge base system supports the construction of agricultural expert system. By comparison with CommonKADS, it is proved that this method can improve the efficiency of knowledge acquisition, management and maintenance in Web environment. This method also has the reference significance to the construction of the knowledge base system in the Web environment in other domains.

The acquisition, presentation and management of autonomous driving decision-making knowledge of unmanned vehicles are the key and difficult issues in the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. This paper presents a knowledge model, which includes problem description layer and problem-solving knowledge layer. The automatic driving decision knowledge base of unmanned vehicle is composed of a set of knowledge models. Knowledge model supports knowledge representation and reasoning. Based on the WEB visualization knowledge modeling tool and visualization knowledge service tool, we construct the decision-making knowledge base management system for autonomous driving of unmanned vehicles and then construct the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. The reasoning example shows that the knowledge base management system can effectively improve the knowledge acquisition, representation and maintenance efficiency of autonomous driving decision-making system, which is of great significance in enhancing the intelligence level of autonomous driving decision-making system.

This paper explores the performance and obtains a reasonable cleaning effect of the cleaning system of combine harvester and studies the relationship between the cleaning effect of the combine harvester cleaning system and its influencing factors. We established a neural network model between the cleaning loss rate and the clean system parameters. First, we tested the results of the cleaning performance of each group under different combinations of conditions, and analyzed the direct or indirect relationship between the cleaning loss rate and the parameters in the experiment under each working condition. Then, according to the experimental data obtained in the experiment, we predict the clearance loss rate for several sets of conditions by this model. The experimental results show that the prediction results of the model can meet the experimental requirements under the condition that the accuracy is not very high.

Due to the nonlinear process of grain harvesting, there is no precise mathematical model to describe the behavior of the cleaning system of a harvester. Both the classical control and modern control methods cannot fulfil the requirements. Owing to this, the intelligent control algorithm was proposed, and the fuzzy logic control (FLC) method is a type of this. At present, most FLC algorithms are proposed in a MATLAB environment. However, the control problems in reality are controlled by microcomputer controllers with different chips. The control language of the microcomputer controller is usually written in C language. It is impossible to directly migrate the algorithm between these two different languages. Therefore, it is an important issue to transplant the FLC algorithm procedure written by MATLAB to the microcomputer controller. To realize the above target, we have built a complete set of control systems for our harvester’s cleaning system based on an upper computer and an STM32 core-chip controller. By means of combining FLC theory and expert knowledge, we adopted an improved FLC algorithm for the cleaning system, which is mounted in our self-designed combine harvester. Through this scheme, we have realized the objective of migrating the FLC algorithm from a MATLAB environment to the controller. The results of the experiment show that our method is reliable.