Coumarins are widely present in a variety of plants and have a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study, we isolated a coumarin compound from Microsorium fortunei (Moore) Ching; the compound was identified as esculetin by hydrogen and carbon spectroscopy. Its anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma 2.2.15 cell line (HepG2.2.15) transfected with HBV, esculetin effecting inhibited the expression of the HBV antigens and HBV DNA in vitro. Esculetin inhibited the expression of Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein in a dose-dependent manner. In the ducklings infected with duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV), the levels of DHBV DNA, duck hepatitis B surface antigen (DHBsAg), duck hepatitis B e-antigen (DHBeAg), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly after esculetin treatment. Summing up the above, the results suggest that esculetin efficiently inhibits HBV replication both in vitro and in vivo, which provides an opportunity for further development of esculetin as antiviral drug.
A new triterpenoid, 2α, 3β, 23α, 29-tetrahydroxyolean-11, 13 (18)-dien-28, 19β-olide, named as rhodotomoside A(1), together with six known triterpenoids (2-7), were isolated from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.)Hassk by column chromatography on silica gel, reversed-phase C 18 silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D NMR, 2D NMR and MS spectrum. The inhibition rates of α-glucosidase of compound 1 was 77.82%, and exhibited inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with IC 50 value at 0.213 ± 0.016 mg/mL.
A new compound, 2-hydroxy-4-[3',5'-dihydroxyhexyl]phenyl-β-D-glucopy-ranoside (1), together with five known compounds (2-6), were isolated from the leaves of microsorium fortunei. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques, especially 2D NMR and MS data analyses. All of these compounds are phenolic glycosides and were isolated from this plant for the first time. In addition, compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity against a-glucosidase with IC 50 value at 0.111±0.061 mg/mL
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