A new approach to relative orientation based on dual quaternions is proposed. Dual quaternions are used to express a unified description of the relative position and orientation of two images in a stereopair. The coplanarity condition equation and its linearised model based on dual quaternions are established. According to the principle of least squares adjustment with constraints, a dual quaternion can be identified and the relative-orientation parameters can then be obtained by a nonlinear transformation of the components of the dual quaternion. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is feasible and more reliable and efficient than the conventional approach based on Euler angles.
Absolute orientation based on points is a common method of precise georeferencing in photogrammetry. In images of urban areas, straight-line features such as buildings are prominent. A new absolute orientation approach dependent on line coordinates is proposed in this paper. An arbitrary spatial line can be described by its orientation vector and moment vector. Using the helical scaling displacement operator, the transformation of straight lines in model space and their corresponding control straight lines in object space can be achieved. Experimental results show that with eight control straight lines, the proposed approach is comparable to the precision of absolute orientation using four control points. Furthermore, the endpoints of corresponding line segments in the two spaces are not required to be conjugate points.
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