No abstract

In this paper, Koelreuteria paniculata roots was taken as the research object, and its active substances were analyzed. First, Koelreuteria paniculata roots was crushed, dried, extracted, filtered, and concentrated by rotary evaporation. Then, the active substances of Koelreuteria paniculata roots were extracted with ethanol, benzene/ethanol, and methanol. Finally, Koelreuter was detected by GC-MS, FT-IR, TD-GC-MS, and TG analyses. Data analysis revealed that Koelreuteria paniculata roots contains oleic acid, linoleic acid, Lupinol, retinal, and other active substances that are of great value to medical, chemical, and food industries.

The rapeseed oil extracted from the mature seeds was purified by refining processing, and the rheological characteristic analysis of the viscosity and dynamic shear rate at gradient temperatures was made. The result shows that at 20, 40, 60 and 80 ℃ respectively, when the shear rate gradually rises, the torque increases accordingly but its viscosity does not vary distinctly. The result suggests that when rapeseed oil is used as the raw of edible oils and industries, the working procedures at high temperature will not influence its rheological characteristic distinctly.

The rheological analysis on dynamic shear rate-viscosity relationship of tea-oil extracted from tea-oil tree seeds by supercritical extraction method was carried out at gradient temperatures and constant shear rate, respectively. The results show that at 20, 40, 60 and 80 ℃, once the shear rate increases gradually, the torque enlarges correspondingly, while the viscosity shows little difference. However, at the constant shear rate, the rising temperature results in a steady downtrend on tea-oil viscosity. This results reveal that tea-oil viscosity is not closely correlated with shear rate at constant temperature, yet negatively correlated with temperature at constant shear rate.

Low temperatures significantly affect the growth and yield of peanuts. Temperatures lower than 12 °C are generally detrimental for the germination of peanuts. To date, there has been no report on precise information on the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cold tolerance during the germination in peanuts. In this study, we developed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 807 RILs by tolerant and sensitive parents. Phenotypic frequencies of germination rate low-temperature conditions among RIL population showed normally distributed in five environments. Then, we constructed a high density SNP-based genetic linkage map through whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS) technique and identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), qRGRB09, on chromosome B09. The cold tolerance-related QTLs were repeatedly detected in all five environments, and the genetic distance was 6.01 cM (46.74 cM - 61.75 cM) after taking a union set. To further confirm that qRGRB09 was located on chromosome B09, we developed Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers for the corresponding QTL regions. A regional QTL mapping analysis, which was conducted after taking the intersection of QTL intervals of all environments into account, confirmed that qRGRB09 was between the KASP markers, G22096 and G220967 (chrB09:155637831–155854093), and this region was 216.26 kb in size, wherein a total of 15 annotated genes were detected. This study illustrates the relevance of WGRS-based genetic maps for QTL mapping and KASP genotyping that facilitated QTL fine mapping of peanuts. The results of our study also provided useful information on the genetic architecture underlying cold tolerance during germination in peanuts, which in turn may be useful for those engaged in molecular studies as well as crop improvement in the cold-stressed environment.