In this study, we investigated six minerals, amylose, soluble protein and total protein, total polyphenols contents, and antioxidant capacity for three black rice, two red rice and three white rice cultivars. The results showed that coloured rice varieties contained the higher minerals and polyphenols content than those of white rice. Besides, the study indicated that polyphenols contributed to accumulation of divalent and trivalent minerals, but little effect to monovalent minerals. Black-and red rice possessed the stronger antioxidant capacity than that of white rice, and red rice presented the highest among three different coloured rice varieties. Then the study showed that protein content slightly influenced accumulation of amylose. Besides, protein and amylose content both existed hardly in significant difference among different coloured rice varieties. Hence, this suggests that red-and black rice has higher levels of nutrition and stronger antioxidant capacity for one ' s health than white rice.
BackgroundSurgery is the sole curative therapy for gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients. Confronting an aging society, the demand to treat elderly patients with GBC is increasing. But there are few reports on survival benefit in elderly GBC patients treated with surgery. Therefore, we designed this population-based study to assess the survival benefit of surgery in GBC patients aged 70 years or older.MethodsGBC patients aged 70 years or older were identified in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results cancer (SEER) database from 2010 to 2017. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to balance the baseline data of patients. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared with log-rank test. Independent risk factors associated with OS and CSS were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses and subgroup analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 2055 GBC patients aged 70 years or older were included in our study, with 1734 patients underwent surgery. Before PSM, the age, AJCC stage, TNM stage, and chemotherapy were significantly different between the surgery and no-surgery group (all P<0.05). Patients with surgery had significantly longer OS and CSS than those without surgery (P<0.0001). After 1:1 PSM, the differences in clinicopathological characteristics were reduced (all P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed patients received surgery had significantly better OS and CSS (P<0.0001). Subgroup analysis further indicated that almost all subgroups received surgery had OS and CSS advantage, especially patients aged 70-84 years old. Finally, univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses showed that age, AJCC stage and T stage were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS in patients undergoing surgery.ConclusionOur study found that surgery significantly improved OS and CSS in GBC patients aged 70-84 years, but more prospective studies are needed to prove our findings.
Objective: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a simple biomarker that can reflect the host antitumor immune response, has been associated with patient prognosis in several solid tumors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of NLR to predict clinical tumor response and prognosis in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received definitive chemoradiotherapy. Results: Compared with their matched counterparts, patients in the low NLR group showed a good clinical tumor response (P < 0.001). The NLR before chemoradiotherapy was significantly lower in patients who achieved complete response than in patients who did not achieve complete response (2.2 ± 0.9 vs. 2.7 ± 1.1, P = 0.024). Logistic regression analysis revealed that pretreatment NLR was negatively correlated with tumor response (odds ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.43-0.84; P = 0.003). In the univariate analysis, cT stage status (P PFS = 0.001; P OS = 0.007), tumor response (P PFS < 0.001; P OS < 0.001) and NLR (P PFS = 0.005; P OS = 0.008) were significantly associated with PFS and OS. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that tumor response (P PFS = 0.002; P OS = 0.003) and NLR (P PFS = 0.021; P OS = 0.017) were independent predictors of prognosis.
Methods
Conclusions:In patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, NLR can be used as a simple marker to predict clinical tumor response and prognosis.
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